The 13th five year plan for the development of national education

The "13th Five-Year Plan" period is the decisive stage for building a well-off society in all respects. In order to accelerate the modernization of education, in accordance with the "Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China" and the "Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Educational Reform and Development Plan (2010-2020)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Outline of Educational Plan" 》) to formulate this plan.

1. Leading the modernization of education with new ideas

(1) Development environment.

During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country’s education reform and development have made remarkable achievements in accordance with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council. The ideological and moral quality has continued to improve, and new progress has been made in the modernization of education, making important contributions to promoting economic development, social harmony, and cultural prosperity.

The overall development level of education has entered the top ranks in the world. The nine-year compulsory education has been fully popularized, entering a new stage of balanced development. The gross enrollment rate in the three pre-school years has achieved the 2020 target of the "Education Planning Outline" ahead of schedule. High school education has basically been popularized, and the basic public education service system and modern vocational education system have been basically established. The level of popularization of higher education has been significantly improved, continuing education has continued to develop, and the trend of life-long learning for all has taken shape. The quality of education has been steadily improved. Chinese students have performed well in the international student evaluation project carried out by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. my country has become a member of the International Engineering Alliance undergraduate education mutual recognition agreement, and a number of universities and disciplines have been ranked significantly in the world.

Important progress has been made in education equity. The gap between urban-rural and regional education development has further narrowed, the "school choice fever" in the compulsory education stage of large and medium-sized cities has eased, the national student aid system has been improved, the nutrition improvement plan for rural compulsory education students has been implemented in depth, and the physical health of students in poor areas has improved. The right to education of children of migrant workers in cities, left-behind children in rural areas, and students with disabilities have been better protected, and the chances of receiving high-quality higher education for students in the central and western regions, especially rural students, have increased significantly.

The ability to serve economic and social development has been significantly enhanced. Vocational schools send nearly 10 million technical and skilled personnel every year, and train hundreds of millions of people. Ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities have accumulatively sent more than 20 million professional talents. Colleges and universities have taken the lead in undertaking a large number of major national scientific research tasks and major engineering projects, and produced a large number of landmark research results that serve the national strategy and have international influence. The technology transfer and achievement transformation have achieved remarkable results.

The educational development capacity has been significantly improved. Educational investment has achieved a historic breakthrough. In 2012, the national financial education expenditure target of 4% of GDP was achieved for the first time. The per-student allocation system was gradually established. The conditions for running schools at all levels and types of schools, especially rural schools, have been greatly improved. Teachers The quality of the team has been further improved, and education informatization has been comprehensively promoted. The level of education opening to the outside world has been significantly improved, and its international influence has steadily increased. Important progress has been made in the reform of the education system. The reform of the personnel training system, school-running system, management system, evaluation system, and guarantee system has been comprehensively deepened, and breakthroughs have been made in some key areas and links. The reform of the examination and enrollment system has been fully launched, and the modern education supervision system has been further improved.

On the whole, the phased goals set in the "Outline of Educational Planning" have been achieved as scheduled, the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" for the development of education has come to a successful conclusion, and my country's education has entered a new stage of improving quality, optimizing structure, and promoting equity.

 

 

 

Note: 1. Higher education students include general undergraduate, adult undergraduate and full-time graduate students.
　　　　2. The number of graduate students is the number of full-time graduate students.
　　　　3. The main working-age population refers to the population aged 20-59.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country's development is still in a period of important strategic opportunities that can make a lot of achievements, and it is also faced with many serious challenges with overlapping contradictions and increasing risks. Effectively respond to various risks and challenges, continuously explore new realms of development, and put forward unprecedented new tasks and new requirements for the realization of educational modernization.

From an international perspective, the world’s multi-polarization, economic globalization, cultural diversification, and the in-depth development of social informatization, the deep impact of the international financial crisis still exists for a long time, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are gaining momentum, and the Internet Modern technologies such as, cloud computing, big data, intelligent robots, and three-dimensional (3D) printing have profoundly changed the way human beings think, produce, live and learn. International competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and talent training and competition have become the focus. Prioritizing the development of education, building a modern education system, building a learning society, and cultivating a large number of innovative talents have become major issues facing mankind and the key to coping with many complex challenges and achieving sustainable development.

From a domestic perspective, coordinate the promotion of the “five in one” overall layout and coordinate the promotion of the “four comprehensive” strategic layout, implement the new development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020, and deepen Supply-side structural reforms, maintaining medium- and high-speed economic growth, in-depth implementation of innovation-driven development strategies, promotion of mass entrepreneurship innovation, implementation of strategies such as "Made in China 2025" and "One Belt One Road" construction, there is an urgent need for education to optimize the structure of talent training and speed up training All kinds of talents in short supply. To protect the basic people's livelihood and realize that all people can enter a well-off society in an all-round way, it is urgent to improve the basic public education service system. New-type urbanization is accelerating, the people’s living standards and quality are generally improved, the birth policy is adjusted, the size and structure of the school-age population and the working-age population are changed, the population aging is accelerating, and the demand for education is undergoing structural changes. With increasing demand, the education system, structure and layout are facing profound challenges. Regardless of whether it is from the current promotion of economic transformation and upgrading, or from the long-term promotion of the coordinated development of the economy and society, it is necessary to grasp the most basic link of education, advance priority development, and improve the national development level.

From the perspective of education, today's world education is undergoing revolutionary changes. Ensuring inclusive, fair and quality education, and promoting life-long learning opportunities for all, has become the new goal of world education development. The integration of education and economic and social development is closer, with learners as the center, focusing on ability training, and promoting all-round development of people. The concepts of national learning, lifelong learning, and personalized learning are becoming more and more popular. The education model, form, content, and learning methods are undergoing profound changes, and education governance shows the characteristics of multi-party cooperation and extensive participation. We must clearly see that although China’s educational reform and development has made remarkable achievements, it has not yet been able to fully meet the needs of people’s overall development and economic and social development. There are still some outstanding problems. The main manifestations are: scientific educational concepts have not been firmly established and promote The education model and environment for students’ all-round development need to be improved, the collaborative training mechanism of the integration of production and education, and the integration of science and education has not yet been formed, and the cultivation of students’ innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities needs to be strengthened; there are still problems of imbalance and incoordination in the development of education. There is still a large gap in education between the two countries, the total amount of high-quality education resources is insufficient, and the layout is unreasonable. Pre-school education, vocational education, and continuing education are still outstanding shortcomings in the education system. The type, level, discipline and professional structure of talent training and social needs are insufficient Compatible; the quality and structure of the teaching staff cannot meet the new requirements of improving quality and promoting fairness; the school's vitality is not strong, and the legal system and policy system for promoting and regulating social forces to participate in education needs to be improved, and the system and mechanism for multi-party participation in education governance and evaluation It is not yet perfect; the level of education opening to the outside world is not high enough; the priority status of education needs to be further consolidated.

Talents make the future, education makes dreams. Talents and manpower are the country's greatest resources. The talents cultivated today will be the main force in achieving the goal of the second century of struggle. Education must assume the historical mission of realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and unswervingly adhere to the society with Chinese characteristics. The development path of socialist education, continuously deepen the understanding of the laws of socialist education development with Chinese characteristics, establish a scientific view of educational development, quality, and talents, and use a more vigorous mental state and stepping stone to leave imprints and grasping iron. Work style, brave in practice, good at innovation, and constantly achieve new breakthroughs in reforms, and reach a new level of development.

(2) Guiding ideology.

Fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, guided by Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thinking of the "Three Represents", and the scientific outlook on development, Thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s series of important speeches, earnestly implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, closely focus on the “five-in-one” overall layout and the “four comprehensive” strategic layouts, and establish self-confidence in road, theory, system, and culture , To lead the education reform and development with the development concept of innovation, coordination, greenness, openness and sharing, adhere to the leadership of the party, adhere to the direction of socialist school, fully implement the party's education policy, comprehensively deepen the education reform, focus on improving the quality of education, and focus on optimizing education Structure, focus on promoting education fairness, accelerate the modernization of education, promote the construction of an innovative country and a country with talents, and make greater contributions to building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

(3) Basic principles.

To promote education reform and development, achieve higher quality, fairer, more efficient, and more sustainable development, and complete the historical and strategic tasks assigned by the state, the following basic principles must be followed:

Insist on giving priority to development. People are the core element of national development. We must insist on putting education in the strategic position of priority development, give full play to the fundamental, leading, and overall role of education, pay more attention to education and human resource development, increase investment in people, face modernization, face the world, and face the future , Advance planning, prioritize development, accelerate the accumulation of human capital, and lay the foundation for the future of the country and the nation.

Insist on Lide Shuren. Regarding the establishment of morality as the fundamental task of education, we should cultivate socialist builders and successors with comprehensive development of morality, intelligence, physical beauty, and beauty. It is necessary to follow the law of teaching and educating people and the law of student growth, with students as the main body and teachers as the leading factor, innovate education models, cultivate and practice socialist core values, and continuously improve students' ideological level, political awareness, moral quality, and cultural literacy , Let students become talents with both ability and political integrity and comprehensive development.

Adhere to service orientation. Serving the development of the country and the people is a basic requirement for the reform and development of education. Educational development must meet the needs of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics, serve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, actively adapt to and lead the new normal of economic development, cultivate talent advantages for the country's modernization, and cultivate innovation. We must continue to meet the needs of the people for higher quality and more diverse education, and give priority to solving the key, hot, difficult, and focal issues that the people care about.

Persist in promoting fairness. The fairness of education is the essential requirement of socialism. To develop socialism and gradually realize the common prosperity of the people, fairness in education is the foundation. Pay attention to education without distinction, so that all people and children in every family have the opportunity to receive a better education, so that the results of educational reform and development can better benefit the broadest masses of people. Focus on targeted poverty alleviation and increase assistance to students from poor families in the central and western regions, especially remote and impoverished areas.

Persist in reform and innovation. Reform and innovation are the fundamental driving force for development. It is necessary to continuously deepen the comprehensive reform of education, organically combine top-level design and practical exploration, fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the grassroots, especially schools, teachers and students, and innovate systems and mechanisms and talent training models; it is necessary to coordinate the use of domestic and international educational resources, Extensively learn from and absorb advanced international experience, further improve the level of education opening to the outside world, and solve problems, stimulate vitality, and promote development through reform, innovation and opening up.

Persist in governing education according to law. The rule of law is a reliable guarantee for the modernization of education. We must adhere to the administration according to law, run schools in accordance with the law, and teach in accordance with the law, pay more attention to the use of rule of law thinking and methods to promote education reform and development, pay more attention to the construction of education laws and regulations and law enforcement systems and mechanisms, and pay more attention to the protection of the people's right to education and the rights of teachers and students , Pay more attention to ensuring the people's right to know, participate and supervise the reform and development of education, promote the modernization of education governance capacity in accordance with the law, and create a good legal environment for the development of education.

Uphold the party's leadership. The key to running the socialist education with Chinese characteristics lies in the party. It must firmly grasp the party’s leadership over education, adhere to the correct political direction, master the leadership of ideological work in the education field, and strive to strengthen the party’s ideological construction and organization in the education system. Construction, work style construction, anti-corruption and integrity construction, system construction, enhance political awareness, overall situation awareness, core awareness, and alignment awareness, strengthen the creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness of grassroots party organizations, and provide strong political guarantees and organizational guarantees for the reform and development of education .

(4) Main goals.

The overall goal of educational reform and development during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period is: important progress has been made in educational modernization, and the overall strength and international influence of education have been significantly enhanced, promoting my country to become a country with strong human resources and talents, in order to achieve the 2030 vision of China's education modernization. Lay a solid foundation.

The opportunities for lifelong learning for all people are further expanded. Form a modern education system that is more suitable for national learning and lifelong learning, and the modern vocational education system will be more complete. Opportunities for pre-school education have increased significantly, the achievements in popularization of compulsory education have been further consolidated and improved, high school education has been popularized, higher education development has entered the stage of popularization, the participation rate in continuing education has increased significantly, and the construction of a learning society has reached a new level.

The quality of education has been comprehensively improved. The quality of teachers has been further improved, the conditions for running schools have been significantly improved, new breakthroughs have been achieved in education informatization, and a new situation of innovation and development of the integration of information technology and education has been formed, and the convenience and flexibility of learning have been significantly enhanced. Important progress has been made in the reform of education and teaching. Students' ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality, and physical and mental health have been significantly improved, social responsibility, awareness of the rule of law, innovative spirit and practical ability have been significantly enhanced, and academic standards, autonomous learning, and lifelong learning capabilities have been comprehensively improved.

The results of educational development benefit all people more equitably. The task of poverty alleviation through education has been completed, and the effects of targeted poverty alleviation and targeted poverty alleviation have been fully demonstrated. Achieve full coverage of financial aid for students from poor families, and better guarantee the equal rights of education for disadvantaged groups, women and children. The proportion of counties (cities, districts) where compulsory education is basically balanced has reached 95%. The gap between urban and rural areas, regions, and schools has been further narrowed, and a more balanced basic public education service system covering urban and rural areas has been established. The people's high-quality, individualized, and diverse learning needs are better met.

The supply of talents and the innovation capabilities of colleges and universities have been significantly improved. The proportion of innovative, compound, applied and technically skilled talents has increased significantly, and the structure of talent training has become more reasonable. The ability of various talents to serve national and regional economic and social development and participate in international competition has been significantly enhanced. Improve the level of higher education development. Several universities and a number of disciplines have entered the world's most popular list, and several disciplines have entered the forefront of the world's first-class disciplines. A number of innovation bases and new think tanks serving national strategies have been established in colleges and universities. The innovative service capabilities have been comprehensively improved, and a number of emerging Major innovations will promote the cultivation of new kinetic energy, promote cultural prosperity and social progress, and enhance the country’s core competitiveness.

The education system has become more mature and stereotyped. The education laws and regulations system and law enforcement system are more complete, the basic systems of education standards, supervision, evaluation, supervision, investment guarantee, and teacher team building are more complete, and the system for social forces to hold education and participate in education reform and development is more complete and effective. The separation of management, operation and evaluation has basically been realized, and a pattern has been formed in which the government manages in accordance with the law, schools run their own schools in accordance with the law, and all sectors of society participate and supervise in accordance with the law. The modernization of the education governance system and governance capabilities has been significantly improved.

 

 

 

Note: 1. Higher education students include general undergraduate and junior college, adult undergraduate and junior college, full-time and part-time graduate students. 2. The number in [] is the number of full-time graduate students.
　　　　

(5) The main theme.

To implement the new development concept and fully realize the goals of educational reform and development during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, we must closely focus on the theme of comprehensively improving the quality of education, take the building of morality as the fundamental task, fully implement quality education, and actively cultivate and practice society The core values ​​of socialism, update the concept of education, innovate education methods, improve the ecology of education, improve the quality of teachers, establish and improve the quality of education at all levels and various types of guarantee systems, and comprehensively improve the level of education.

It is necessary to take the structural reform of education as the main line and actively adapt to economic and social development and the needs of the people. Coordinate the utilization and layout of various educational resources, highlight basic maintenance, make up for shortcomings, and promote fairness. The allocation of public educational resources is tilted towards weak areas, weak schools, weak links and people in difficulties, promote coordinated regional, urban and rural development, and strive to improve the basics. The coverage and quality level of public education services; optimize the structure of talent supply, accelerate the popularization of high school education, promote the development of higher education classification, vigorously develop modern vocational education and continuing education, and accelerate the cultivation of talents urgently needed for economic and social development; innovate education supply methods and vigorously Develop private education, expand new forms of education, promote the modernization of education with education information, actively promote the integration and innovation of information technology and education, and strive to build a networked, digital, personalized, and lifelong education system, so that everyone can learn, A learning environment where you can learn everywhere and at all times; reform the education governance system, deepen the streamlining of administration and decentralization, the combination of decentralization, and optimization of service reforms, implement the autonomy of school management, accelerate the construction of modern school systems, expand social participation, and improve the level of open education. Enhance the overall ability of education to serve economic and social development.

 

2. Fully implement the fundamental task of Lide Shuren

(1) Improve students' ideological and moral standards.

Put ideological and political work throughout the entire process of education and teaching. Strengthen systematic planning and top-level design, guided by socialist core values, scientifically formulate moral education goals for different ages and all levels of education, so as to realize all-staff education, all-process education, and all-round education. Give full play to the role of the main channel of morality courses and ideological and political theory, deeply explore the educational role of curriculum materials, systematically promote curriculum reforms and textbook revisions, and promote the socialist theory system with Chinese characteristics into teaching materials, classrooms, and minds, so that universities, middle schools and primary schools Moral education and ideological and political education are from the shallower to the deeper, layered progressively, and organically connected. Actively carry out educational activities organized by the Young Pioneers and the Party League. Extensive use of situational teaching, on-site teaching, social practice, etc., pay attention to the process of students' emotional experience, guide and organize students to practice socialist core values ​​through various social practice activities, and carry out self-education. Strengthen the moral education work in the network environment, strengthen the construction of the network position, adopt a variety of methods to guide students to fully understand and correctly deal with major theories and social hot issues, and enhance the ability to distinguish right from wrong. Give full play to the teacher’s role in teaching students by precepts and deeds, and inviting party and government leaders to report on the situation at the school, and extensively hire advanced models, outstanding parents and veterans from all walks of life, veteran soldiers, old experts, old teachers, old models, etc. Special report, serving as a part-time teacher of ideological and political education, strengthening the demonstration and leading effect, and internalizing the core values ​​of socialism in the heart and externalizing in action.

Focus on strengthening patriotism education. Adhere to the unity of patriotism, love for the party, and love for socialism, innovate forms, enrich carriers, and integrate patriotism education into all links of education and teaching, and run through the entire process of national education. Strengthen the construction of patriotism education bases, open up patriotism education off-campus classrooms, encourage schools at all levels and types to actively create conditions, offer elective courses and special lectures with patriotism as the theme, and play the role of themed party day, group day, class meeting and other carriers Develop patriotism education in conjunction with important anniversaries and traditional festivals, strengthen national conditions education, historical education, especially party history, national history, reform and opening up history, and socialist development history education, and vigorously promote etiquette education on the national flag, national anthem, and national emblem. Extensively carry out national unity and progress education, strengthen the "five identities" and "three inseparable" ideas, promote exchanges and integration of students of all ethnic groups, build a solid ideological foundation for the Chinese national community of teachers and students of all ethnic groups, and guide young students to establish and persist in correctness The concept of country, nation, religion, history, and culture enhances the sense of belonging, identity, dignity and honor of the Chinese nation.

Efforts to enhance students' sense of social responsibility. Coordinately strengthen the education of youth social ethics, professional ethics, and family virtues, and strive to cultivate students' noble character and sense of responsibility. Guide students to take the country's prosperity and the people's happiness as their own responsibility, and establish a grand ambition to consciously devote themselves to the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Actively carry out legal education. Implement the "Syllabus for Youth Legal Education", incorporate the rule of law education into the national education system, and set up legal knowledge courses in primary and secondary schools. Strengthen the construction of legal education practice bases, strengthen constitutional education, popularize legal knowledge in various forms, carry out legal practice education, and cultivate students' awareness and quality of the rule of law.

 

 

 

 

(2) Cultivate students' innovation and entrepreneurial spirit and ability.

Starting from primary and secondary schools, focus on stimulating students' interest in learning, scientific interest and innovative consciousness, strengthen the training of scientific methods, and gradually cultivate students' logical and dialectical thinking abilities. Research and formulate the scientific quality standards of primary and secondary school students, make full use of various social science and technology education resources, vigorously develop science and technology education activities integrated inside and outside the school, and strengthen the cultivation of students' scientific quality, information literacy and innovation ability. Encourage higher education and vocational schools to build student innovation and entrepreneurship service platforms, improve the innovation and entrepreneurship education curriculum system and management system, guide and encourage students to actively participate in innovation activities and entrepreneurship practices, strengthen the innovation and entrepreneurship orientation of graduation thesis and graduation design, and carry out innovation and entrepreneurship competitions. Create a campus culture of innovation and entrepreneurship. Support undergraduates and postgraduates to enter enterprises in advance to carry out innovation activities, encourage colleges and universities to authorize students to use scientific and technological achievements through free licenses, and guide students to innovate and start businesses. Encourage provincial governments to coordinate resources such as universities, enterprises, industrial parks, incubation bases, and venture capital funds in the region to support college students in starting their own businesses.

(3) Strengthen students' practical ability.

Practicing the unity of knowledge and action, taking practical teaching as a key link in deepening teaching reform, enriching effective carriers for practical education, and extensively carrying out social practice activities such as social surveys, production labor, voluntary services, public welfare activities, technological inventions, and work-study. Deepen students' knowledge of books. Strengthen labor education and give full play to the comprehensive labor education function. Formulate guidelines for comprehensive practical activities for primary and secondary school students, focus on enhancing students’ practical experience, and encourage areas where conditions permit to carry out research trips and various forms of summer camps and winter camps for primary and secondary school students. Build a batch of research and tourism bases and destinations with good demonstration and driving functions. Construct student volunteer service work system, incorporate volunteer service into social practice activity courses, organize students to carry out volunteer service activities and other social practice theme activities, establish student volunteer service record files, and incorporate volunteer service into students’ comprehensive quality evaluation content. Support colleges and universities to carry out extensive practical activities for college students, guide college students to go out of school and go to the grassroots level, widely publicize the party's policies and the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and promote students to understand society, understand national conditions, and increase their talents.

(4) Shaping students' strong physique.

Strengthen and improve school sports and health work. With the goal of comprehensively enhancing students' physical fitness and will quality, we will comprehensively strengthen school physical education. Regarding the improvement of physique as an important content of education quality monitoring and education evaluation, launching the establishment of health schools, improving the physical health monitoring system for teenagers, and improving the health examination system for college, middle and elementary school students. Strengthen the sports equipment of primary and secondary schools, reform the physical education, training and competition system, strengthen physical education and extracurricular exercises according to local conditions, vigorously support the development of various sports clubs such as campus football, ice and snow sports, and promote the construction of traditional sports schools and sports schools. School sports leagues and folk traditional sports competitions at all levels focus on promoting colleges and universities to strengthen college students’ physical exercise, extensively carry out extracurricular physical exercise activities, vigorously cultivate students' sports interest, sports skills, and sports habits, and basically achieve the goal of students proficiently mastering more than one sports skill . Comprehensively strengthen the hygiene and health work in kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, increase the publicity of health knowledge, and improve students' awareness of active disease prevention. Promote targeted measures to reduce the incidence of myopia among students. Pay attention to the construction of psychological teachers at all levels and types of schools, further improve the student's mental health service system, carry out mental health education in schools, improve students' mental health awareness and mental health ability, and cultivate a new generation of physical and mental health, strong physique, and strong will.

(5) Improve students' cultural accomplishment.

Insist on educating people with beauty and educating people with culture. Guided by improving students' artistic literacy, cultivating noble sentiments, cultivating deep national sentiments, and stimulating innovative consciousness, construct a scientific aesthetic education curriculum system, improve school aesthetic education teaching, encourage characteristic development, coordinate the integration of school and social aesthetic education resources, and improve aesthetic education evaluation mechanisms. Promote the opening of full art courses, carry out art second-class education activities, incorporate art practice activities into curriculum management, and promote each student to form one or two artistic specialties and hobbies. Actively guide students to read and appreciate Chinese and foreign literary and art classics, and encourage high-level arts to enter campuses, intangible cultural heritage to enter campuses, and national and folk excellent cultures to enter campuses. Carry out school motto and family education activities. Make full use of various cultural resources such as libraries, museums, cultural centers, and extensively carry out education in the excellent traditional culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture of the Chinese nation, and cultivate the cultural identity and cultural self-confidence of young students. Strengthen multicultural education and international understanding education, and enhance cross-cultural communication skills.

(6) Enhance students' ecological civilization literacy.

Strengthen the education of ecological civilization, integrate the concept of ecological civilization into the whole process of education, encourage schools to develop courses related to ecological civilization, strengthen education on national and world conditions in resources and environment, and popularize laws, regulations and scientific knowledge of ecological civilization. Extensively carry out sustainable development education, deepen water, electricity, and food saving education, guide students to save and oppose waste, establish an ecological civilization awareness of respecting, conforming and protecting nature, and forming sustainable development concepts, knowledge and capabilities, Practicing a hard-working, thrifty, green, low-carbon, civilized and healthy lifestyle, and leading the green trend of society.

(7) Improve students' comprehensive national defense quality.

Incorporate national defense education into the national education system, give full play to the comprehensive education function of national defense education, enrich the content of national security education and national defense education in schools, innovate educational forms, explore the comprehensive social practice of national defense education in primary and secondary schools and pilot demonstration schools, and continue to promote The construction of special schools for national defense education will give full play to the role of platforms such as the open day of military camps and military summer camps to improve the effectiveness of national defense education. Strengthen the teaching of military theory in colleges and universities, strengthen the military skills training of students in colleges and high schools, expand the comprehensive education function of military training, and enhance the youth's national defense awareness and military literacy.

 

3. Reform and innovation drive the development of education

(1) Focus on promoting education and teaching reform.

Promote basic education curriculum and teaching reform. Strengthen the top-level design of curriculum and textbook construction, revise the national basic education curriculum plan and curriculum standards, reflect the core literacy requirements of student development, improve the textbook review and approval and use monitoring system, and create basic education curriculum textbooks that are scientific, contemporary, and national system. Comprehensively carry out the monitoring and management of the implementation of the courses. Support the implementation of small class teaching in places where conditions permit, encourage ordinary high schools to implement the "selective system" and "shift system", and offer a variety of high-quality elective courses. Promote cooperative inquiry-based learning, advocate task-driven learning, and improve students' ability to analyze and solve problems. Support qualified general high schools to carry out effective cooperation with colleges and universities and research institutes to promote the cultivation of innovative talents. Continue to promote activities such as the training plan for technical innovation reserve talents for middle school students and the National Youth University Science Camp, and actively explore pre-university courses on pilot projects. Implement the "Guidelines for Kindergarten Education" and "Guide to Learning and Development for Children from 3 to 6 Years Old", adhere to play as the basic activity, cultivate children's healthy physique, good life and behavior habits, and promote the harmonious development of children's body and mind.

Promote a vocational education model that integrates production and education. Persist in the direction of running schools that are market-oriented, serve development, and promote employment, scientifically determine the training goals of vocational education at all levels and types, and innovate the training model of technical and skilled personnel. Promote school-enterprise integrated education, promote "order-based" training, work-study alternate training, and actively promote the modern apprenticeship system of school-enterprise joint enrollment and joint training. Take the lead in launching pilot projects of integration of production and education in large and medium-sized enterprises, and promote the establishment of talent training bases, technological innovation bases, and scientific and technological service bases between industry enterprises and schools. Encourage schools, industries, enterprises, scientific research institutions, social organizations, etc. to form vocational education groups to achieve the organic integration of the education chain and the industrial chain. Establish and improve a vocational education and teaching standard system that connects the middle and high levels of industrial development. Focusing on enhancing students' core literacy, technical skills and sustainable development capabilities, we will make overall plans for the construction of courses and teaching materials, connect the latest industry, professional standards and job specifications, optimize the structure of professional courses, and update teaching content. Strengthen the integration of classroom teaching, practice, and practical training, and popularize and promote teaching models such as project teaching, case teaching, and situational teaching. Improve the diagnosis and improvement system of teaching work in vocational schools. Guide industry enterprises to deeply participate in the standard setting and teaching evaluation of professional teaching, internship, and post qualification certification. Actively implement the "dual certificate" system, and coordinate the examination and assessment of related courses and the appraisal of vocational skills. Support the establishment of vocational skills appraisal offices (stations) in qualified vocational schools, and improve the methods for qualified graduates of vocational schools to obtain corresponding vocational qualification certificates. Standardize the school-running behavior of vocational schools, strictly implement professional teaching standards, and prevent teaching organized for the goal of entering a higher school.

Deepen the reform of undergraduate education and teaching. Carry out industry-university-research cooperative education, explore talent training methods that combine general education and professional education, implement modular general education, and promote the integration of liberal arts and sciences. Continue to promote the pilot program for training top-notch students in basic disciplines. Promote colleges and universities to improve professional training programs and build a scientific curriculum system and learning support system in accordance with the characteristics of different levels and types of talent training. Establish a support and reward mechanism to encourage teachers to meet the new needs of the economy and society, strengthen curriculum development, textbook compilation, and promotion of teaching results, and timely transform the latest scientific research results and advanced enterprise technologies into teaching content. Explore the establishment of a teaching management system that adapts to flexible learning, the credit system, and the major and minor system, and gradually expand the right of students to independently choose majors, courses, and teachers. Promote student-centered heuristic, cooperative, participatory and seminar-based learning methods to strengthen individualized training. Improve the teaching evaluation mechanism and student assessment mechanism. Fully implement the system for professors to teach undergraduates, establish a restraint and incentive mechanism, and mobilize teachers' enthusiasm to invest in undergraduate teaching and continuously explore new teaching techniques, new methods and new forms. Promote colleges and universities to coordinate the use of relevant funds, increase normal investment in curriculum construction and teaching reform, strengthen experiments, training, and internships, establish a cooperative education mechanism between colleges and enterprises, industries, scientific research institutions, and communities, and comprehensively upgrade colleges and universities teaching level.

Promote the reform of postgraduate training mechanism. Expand the autonomy of university academic teams to recruit graduate students, appropriately increase the proportion of outstanding undergraduate graduates directly pursuing doctoral degrees, strengthen the training of doctoral students in major basic research, major scientific research directions, major engineering fields, and major social issues, and closely combine commitments National and regional major scientific research tasks, strengthen the original innovation ability of doctoral students, and accelerate the cultivation of leading talents at the forefront of scientific and technological innovation. Support in-service personnel to study for professional master's degree in part-time mode, and encourage cross-disciplinary study of professional master's degree. Strengthen the construction of joint training bases, explore the open training model for professional degree graduate students, implement the "dual tutor" and other industry-enterprise joint training mechanism, combine with the actual scientific research and production projects of industry enterprises, and accelerate the cultivation of high-level compound that can solve first-line practical problems and wide-calibre Type talents. Improve the tutor responsibility system and tutor project funding system led by science and engineering technology research. Promote colleges and universities to strengthen the construction of postgraduate courses, strengthen the systematic and cutting-edge nature of postgraduate courses, strengthen the convergence of courses at different training stages, and improve the quality of postgraduate courses.

(2) Deepen the reform of the examination and enrollment system.

Intensify the implementation of the reform of the college entrance examination system. Actively create conditions, steadily promote the comprehensive reform of the general college entrance examination system, gradually promote the implementation of the comprehensive reform plan for the college entrance examination throughout the country, and explore a multiple admission mechanism based on the unified college entrance examination and high school level examination results and reference comprehensive quality evaluation. Improve high school level examinations, covering all learning subjects prescribed by the state, and strengthen the organization and guarantee of propositions and examinations to ensure that the examinations are safe and orderly, and the results are true and reliable. Standardize the comprehensive quality evaluation of high school students to ensure that the comprehensive quality files of students are authentic and reliable. Deepen the reform of the examination content, focusing on testing students' ability to independently think and apply the knowledge they have learned to analyze and solve problems. Significantly reduce and strictly control the points for examinations, standardize and publicize independent enrollment methods, assessment procedures and admission results. Create conditions to dilute and gradually cancel admission batches, and promote and improve parallel voluntary filing methods. Explore the diversified recruitment and selection mechanism for graduate students. Ensure the safety of national education examinations. Deepen the implementation of the Sunshine Project for College Admissions, and improve the hierarchical responsibility, standardized and effective information disclosure system. Strengthen the whole-process supervision of examination enrollment, and increase the intensity of investigation and punishment of violations.

Promote classified examinations in higher vocational colleges and highlight the evaluation method of "cultural quality + vocational skills". Higher vocational schools recruiting students with work experience shall take actual work performance and ability as an important basis for admission. Improve pre-school education, nursing and other fields and majors to implement the examination and enrollment methods for the starting point of junior high school graduation and the thorough training of secondary and higher vocational education. Improve the enrollment system for the training of technical and skilled personnel.

Improve the enrollment system for primary and secondary schools. Reasonably set up schools or school districts to ensure enrollment needs, and improve the compulsory education exemption system for nearby enrollment. Improve the enrollment methods of high school examinations, gradually establish a general high school enrollment mechanism based on junior high school level examination scores combined with comprehensive quality evaluation, and reasonably allocate high-quality general high school enrollment places. Further improve the policies and measures for the children of migrant workers to go to school and the entrance examinations in the places where they migrated.

(3) Stimulate the vitality of the school.

Speed ​​up the construction of a modern university system and various school management systems. Fully implement the "one school, one constitution". Strengthen the approval of the articles of association of newly established schools and colleges that are upgraded, renamed, merged, and separated, establish and improve management systems and supervision methods for schools at all levels and types of schools, and promote schools to govern schools in accordance with laws and regulations. Improve the principal responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee of public colleges and universities and the principal responsibility system of primary and secondary schools and secondary vocational schools, and further clarify the division of responsibilities and rules of procedure. Deepen the reform of the staff system for school administrators, establish a management system that meets the characteristics of the school, and encourage colleges and universities to promote the elimination of administrative level pilots for internal institutions to overcome the tendency of administrativeization. Expand the channels and ways for teachers and students to participate in the democratic governance of the school. Major school decisions and major policies involving the interests of teachers and students should be democratically discussed by the faculty and staff congress, and the student congress should be used as a bridge. Strengthen the construction of parent committees in primary and secondary schools, and improve the board system of colleges and vocational schools. Really implement academic democracy, and ensure that the academic committees of colleges and universities and the expert committees of vocational schools perform their duties.

Implement the school's autonomy in running schools. Establish and complete a consultation mechanism for all departments to coordinate the implementation of the school's autonomy in running schools. Coordinate and promote the comprehensive reform of colleges and universities, reform the degree authorization review mechanism, and implement the autonomy of the establishment of disciplines in universities; reform the establishment and post management system of universities, actively explore and implement the total management of university personnel, and implement the autonomy of university post management; independently formulate recruitment conditions and standards , Recruiting talents independently and openly, according to the position setting plan and management methods, independently manage the staff after employment, and implement the autonomy of colleges and universities; decentralize the evaluation of teachers' professional titles, improve the evaluation methods of teachers' professional titles, and implement the autonomy of college teachers' professional title evaluation; sound and modern The university’s characteristic salary distribution system expands the autonomy of university salary distribution; streamlines the assessment and evaluation of the use of university funds, expands the right to coordinate the use of project funds, and implements the autonomy of university funds use management; simplify the approval procedures for university construction projects and expand the autonomy of capital construction projects Improve the management of government procurement in universities, optimize the procurement services of imported instruments, and implement the autonomy of purchasing scientific research instruments and equipment in universities; improve the relevant management system according to the needs of academic exchanges, education and teaching, and participation in international cooperation, so as to help university teachers go abroad on business and participate in conferences Provide convenience. Promote institutions of higher learning to further delegate power to departments. Expand the autonomy of vocational schools in terms of enrollment, professional setting and adjustment, teacher evaluation, resource allocation, income distribution, and school-enterprise cooperation. Further implement and expand the autonomy of primary and secondary schools in teaching work, resource allocation, and personnel management.

(4) Coordinate and promote the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines.

With Chinese characteristics and world-class as the core, supporting innovation-driven development strategies and serving economic and social development as the orientation, insisting on equal emphasis on construction and reform, taking discipline as the basis and performance as the lever, coordinating the overall construction and discipline construction of universities, encouraging and supporting Different types of high-level universities and the differentiated development of disciplines support universities with a number of domestic and international frontier high-level disciplines, and comprehensively build them into the ranks or forefront of world-class universities; support the possession of a number of domestic top universities and ranking among similar international universities Universities with superior high-level disciplines promote their schools to enter the forefront of similar universities in the world through discipline construction; support universities with a certain high-level discipline to enter the world's popular or forefront of the discipline through construction. Support the provincial government to independently promote the construction of high-level universities and advantageous disciplines in regional institutions of higher learning in accordance with the national construction layout, combined with the needs and basic conditions of economic and social development, and actively explore the road to first-class construction of different types and different levels of institutions of higher learning.

Innovate construction mechanisms, encourage fair competition, strengthen target management, and enhance construction effectiveness. Innovate support methods, comprehensively consider the construction of university foundation, discipline category and development level, provide corresponding financial support through different channels, mobilize all forces to actively participate in the construction of first-class universities and first-class disciplines, and enhance the financial autonomy of universities and their ability to coordinate funding arrangements . Adhere to openness and transparency, implement dynamic monitoring, formulate scientific and reasonable performance evaluation methods, carry out mid-term evaluations and third-party evaluations, and strengthen social supervision. Establish an exit mechanism, break the identity consolidation, form an incentive and restraint mechanism, and stimulate the vitality of university construction. Reform and improve the organization and implementation of the Innovation Capability Enhancement Plan ("2011 Plan") of colleges and universities, and promote the interdisciplinary integration of colleges and universities to meet the major national needs, and the collaborative innovation of schools and enterprises.

 

 

 

 

(5) Strengthen the construction of the innovation system of colleges and universities.

Comprehensively enhance the scientific and technological innovation capabilities of colleges and universities. Promote the full participation of colleges and universities in the construction of the national innovation system, coordinate research and construction of national scientific research bases on the basis of optimized layout and classification integration, organize and support colleges and universities to actively participate in the construction of national scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.) and national scientific and technological innovation bases , To undertake major national scientific research projects. Optimize the basic research environment of colleges and universities, give full play to the advantages of disciplines and talents, condense the main direction, focus on major scientific issues and strategic technical issues to carry out basic technology, cutting-edge technology, asymmetric technology, "killer" technology, and disruptive technology research. Breakthroughs drive overall innovation. Support universities in proposing and taking the lead in organizing and deeply participating in international major scientific projects and major scientific projects in accordance with the overall national deployment of scientific and technological cooperation with foreign countries. Support the construction of intellectual property information service centers in university libraries to provide services for promoting university innovation.

Deepen the reform of the scientific research system in universities. Improve the basic scientific research business fee system of central universities, form a long-term funding support mechanism, encourage regions with conditions to set up basic scientific research business fees for local colleges, and support research universities to carry out free exploration of basic research. Implement autonomy such as budget adjustments for scientific research projects in universities, the overall planning and use of indirect costs, the distribution and management of labor costs, and the use of carryover and surplus funds in accordance with regulations. Explore and implement fund management methods that fully reflect the innovative value and characteristics of talents, further give full play to the guiding and incentive role of scientific research project funds, clarify the scope and standards of labor expenses, increase the proportion of indirect costs, and increase performance incentives. Promote colleges and universities to effectively fulfill their legal person responsibilities, and improve the internal management methods of scientific research funds. Strengthen the construction of scientific research teams in colleges and universities in various ways, and establish and improve systems for teachers to work part-time and to start their own businesses. Set up specific innovative scientific research positions, hire overseas scholars, domestic colleagues and graduate students, and organize scientific innovation teams. Reform the scientific research evaluation system and establish a classified evaluation system oriented by innovation quality, contribution, and performance. Improve the selection mechanism and expert database of peer experts, and strengthen the self-discipline and accountability of evaluation experts.

Deepen all-round collaborative innovation. Support universities to explore the establishment of an Internet-based scientific research organization model, and carry out cross-school, cross-disciplinary, cross-field, and cross-border collaborative innovation. Improve the industry-university-research collaborative innovation mechanism, support universities, industry enterprises, and scientific research institutes to jointly build innovation centers and innovation platforms, form strategic alliances for industrial technology innovation, open scientific research infrastructure and innovation resources to the society and enterprises, and develop key industry-wide common technologies and core technologies The development of basic components (components), basic software, advanced basic technology, key basic materials, and industrial technology foundation to enhance the core competitiveness of my country’s industry. Support universities to strengthen the construction of joint laboratories for international cooperation, build world-class laboratories, promote international cooperation in industrial technology innovation, and actively integrate into the global innovation network. Continue to implement the program of subject innovation and talent introduction in colleges and universities.

Improve the philosophy and social science system of colleges and universities. Adhere to the guiding position of Marxism, implement the overall development strategy of philosophy and social sciences in colleges and universities centered on cultivating people and talents, integrate the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics through the entire process of research and teaching, build a comprehensive development system of students, academics, and disciplines, and establish a science An authoritative, open and transparent evaluation system for the achievements of philosophy and social sciences, and strive to form a disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese style. Actively participate in Marxist theoretical research and construction projects, actively participate in philosophy and social science innovation projects through cooperative research and other methods, and in-depth implementation of the university's philosophy and social science prosperity plan. Adhere to the people-centered research orientation, strengthen the research and interpretation of the new ideas, new ideas and strategies of the Party Central Committee's governance of the country, and conduct in-depth research on major practical issues, major theoretical issues, and major practical experience. Actively participate in the implementation of the National Philosophy and Social Science Talent Project, and increase the support of relevant talent programs for philosophy and social science talents. Improve the system of innovation platforms for philosophy and social science research in colleges and universities, strengthen the construction of colleges of Marxism, and focus on building a number of key research bases, special databases and liberal arts laboratories for humanities and social sciences in colleges and universities. Promote the construction of a new type of university think tank with Chinese characteristics. Strengthen the construction of key national and regional research bases. Support universities to establish overseas Chinese academic research centers, participate in and establish international academic organizations, and build a number of excellent foreign academic websites and academic journals.

 

 

 

 

Promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of universities. Explore and improve the ownership of scientific research results, intellectual property rights and benefit distribution mechanisms, give universities the autonomy of use, disposal and revenue management of scientific and technological achievements, and mobilize the enthusiasm of universities, scientific research institutions and industry enterprises to jointly participate in applied research and achievement transformation. Improve the technology transfer application mechanism, encourage qualified colleges and universities to establish specialized teams for the operation of intellectual property rights and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, form an effective mechanism for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the protection and application of intellectual property rights, and promote the establishment and improvement of an evaluation system that is conducive to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. A number of university science and technology parks, industrial creative parks and experimental areas will be built, and a number of key technological and cultural enterprises will be incubated and fostered.

(6) Promote and standardize the development of private education.

Promote classified management of private schools. Establish a classified management policy system for non-profit and for-profit private schools, implement differentiated support, strengthen classified guidance and standardized management, and promote various private schools to clarify their legal personality and clarify the ownership of property rights. Establish and improve systems for government subsidies, government purchases of services, student loans, fund rewards, and donation incentives, and guide social forces to run non-profit private schools. Promote private schools to adapt to the needs of economic and social development, update the concept of running schools, deepen the reform of education and teaching, and improve the quality of running schools. Encourage public schools and private schools to carry out talent exchanges and in-depth cooperation. Ensure that private schools run their own schools in accordance with the law, improve the corporate governance structure, improve the charging system, asset management and financial accounting systems, establish education quality monitoring, financial supervision, risk prevention and control and exit mechanisms, regulate the order of private schools, and prevent school risks.

Encourage social forces to enter the field of education. Expand the channels and scope for social forces to participate in the development of education. Establish more transparent education industry access standards, strengthen monitoring and supervision, and encourage social forces and private capital to establish schools and educational institutions in a variety of ways, and provide diversified educational products and services. Give full play to the role of market mechanisms, support the cultivation of new forms of education, and expand educational demand and consumption. Study and formulate relevant norms and management methods, encourage educational service outsourcing, and guide social forces to provide schools with specialized services such as informatization course packages, practical training, teacher training, management support, quality monitoring, and employment guidance, as an important part of government education services supplement.

(7) Actively develop "Internet + education".

Speed ​​up the improvement of the institutional environment. Formulate quality standards for online education and digital education resources, promote the establishment of access and supervision mechanisms for digital education resources, improve the intellectual property protection mechanism for digital education resources, encourage enterprises and other social forces to develop digital education resources, and form a fair and orderly market environment. Cultivate a socialized digital education resource service market, explore the establishment of "Internet + education" management norms, and develop new forms of Internet education services. Introduce educational data management regulations, improve the safety management system, form a system mechanism for open sharing of educational data resources, and ensure network security and educational resource content security. Create a first-class cyber security college, strengthen the construction of national cyber security talents and innovation bases, and form a benign ecological environment for cyber security talent training, technological innovation, and industrial development.

Further improve the basic conditions. Accelerate the promotion of "broadband network school-to-school", improve school education information infrastructure, strengthen the construction of "wireless campus", and basically achieve full coverage of broadband networks at all levels and types of schools and the popularization of online teaching environments. The network is fully covered, and qualified schools are encouraged to deploy teaching terminals for teachers and students. Improve the national public service platform for educational resources, and promote the formation of a public service system for digital educational resources that covers the whole country, interconnected, and coordinated services. Improve the national education management public service platform, and actively promote the integration and coordinated development of national education resources and education management platforms. Widely apply regional education cloud and other models, actively promote the construction of information management platforms based on unified data standards at all levels and types of schools, realize various data accompanying collection and integrated management, and form an education cloud service system that supports education, teaching and management. Promote the construction of a network simulation training environment for vocational schools. Promote universities to establish scientific research collaboration platforms based on the Internet and cloud computing technologies.

Fully promote the in-depth integration of information technology and education and teaching. Build a high-quality online open curriculum and resource library that organically combines curriculum teaching and application services, comprehensively promote "high-quality resource class-to-class access", encourage teachers to use information technology to improve teaching levels, innovate teaching models, and use flipped classrooms, mixed teaching, etc. Make good use of high-quality digital resources. Deepen the promotion of the "Internet learning space for everyone" to form a new networked ubiquitous learning model that combines online and offline organically. Guide schools and teachers to rely on the online learning space to record the learning process of students, conduct comprehensive teaching analysis, and innovate teaching management methods. Encourage schools to use big data technology to carry out the collection, analysis and feedback of education and teaching activities and student behavior data, to provide support for the promotion of personalized learning and targeted teaching. Support schools of all levels and types in the construction of smart campuses, and comprehensively utilize the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and virtual reality technologies to explore new models of education and teaching in the future. Encourage higher education institutions to carry out continuing education for academic and non-academic qualifications based on the Internet.

Promote the co-construction and sharing of high-quality educational resources. Efforts will be made to strengthen the exploration and promotion of new models of informatization education and teaching and teacher teaching and research such as "famous teacher classroom", "prestigious online classroom", "special delivery classroom", and "online open courses", and accelerate the distribution of high-quality educational resources to rural, remote, impoverished, and ethnic groups. Regional coverage; actively encourage higher education and vocational schools to develop competitive online open courses relying on superior disciplines, formulate online open course teaching quality evaluation standards and credit recognition management methods, and incorporate online courses into training programs and teaching plans. Encourage schools or localities to promote the construction of online open resource platforms and the development of mobile education application software by cooperating with qualified enterprises and adopting online and offline methods. Integrate various types of high-quality educational resources, promote the universal openness and sharing of resources, encourage teachers and students to build and share high-quality resources, and accelerate the reform of educational service models and learning methods.

 

 

 

 

4. Coordinate and advance the adjustment of education structure

(1) Promote the coordinated development of regional education.

Optimize the regional layout of educational resources. Scientific planning, classified guidance, and overall planning to promote the development of education in the eastern, central, western and northeastern regions. The new educational resources will focus on old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and concentrated contiguous areas with extreme poverty. Promote the eastern region to take the lead in realizing education modernization. Support the Northeast region to speed up the upgrading of educational services to support the overall revitalization of the old industrial base. Accelerate the development of education in the central and western regions, optimize the top-level design, integrate engineering projects, strengthen the weakest links, and implement the central and western higher education revitalization plan and the basic capacity building project for central and western universities, and support the central and western undergraduate universities to improve their educational conditions and improve their level of education. Run a number of high-level universities, based on the actual economic and social development of the central and western regions, vigorously develop vocational education, increase the quality of education resources in the central and western regions, enhance the overall strength of educational development, and further narrow the gap with the developed regions in the east. Continue to implement the supportive enrollment cooperation plan in the central and western regions, and the special plan for targeted enrollment in rural and impoverished areas, and expand the opportunities for students in poor rural areas to receive high-quality higher education. Further support the educational development of Jiangnan and other former Central Soviet Areas and other key poverty-stricken old revolutionary areas.

Support the implementation of national major regional development strategies. Promote the "Belt and Road" construction related provinces, regions and cities in education cooperation. Increase support for the development of higher education and vocational education in the core areas of the "Belt and Road" construction. Implement the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development strategy, explore systems and mechanisms for coordinated development of education across administrative divisions, promote the coordinated development of education in the three provinces and cities, and orderly ease Beijing's non-capital functions. Strengthen the education interconnection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, improve the regional education cooperation mechanism, and guide the layout of higher education and vocational education resources and the gradient transfer of industries from east to west. Support education innovation in key national reform pilot zones, and promptly summarize and promote pilot experiences and institutionalize them.

(2) Optimize the layout of basic education in urban and rural areas.

Overall planning for the development of urban and rural education. Improve the urban and rural education layout planning system and school layout adjustment mechanism, strengthen the provincial people’s government’s overall planning for basic education, and establish a sound urban and rural school layout construction mechanism that is compatible with the changing trend and spatial layout of the permanent population based on the county, and make reasonable planning School service radius. Coordinate the layout and construction scale of urban and rural schools, strictly control the construction of super-large schools, and expand urban preschool education and compulsory education resources in an orderly manner. The construction of schools and kindergartens in newly-built residential areas in cities and towns implements a "turnkey" project to promote the simultaneous planning, construction and delivery of schools, kindergartens and residential projects. Strengthen the construction of schools in key small towns, urban-rural fringe areas, newly built urban areas, and urban dilapidated housing reconstruction areas, increase urban compulsory education degrees and boarding beds in township schools, and basically eliminate "large classes" of more than 56 students by 2020. Promote the integrated reform and development of urban and rural compulsory education in the county as a whole, and achieve full coverage of basic public education services for the permanent population.

Strengthen the layout planning of rural schools. Distribute compulsory education schools reasonably in rural areas where transportation is convenient and public services are formed. In response to the educational needs of the people in particularly difficult areas such as sparsely populated areas, mountainous areas, islands, etc., a group of boarding schools and schools in border areas should be rationally arranged and run, and necessary small-scale schools and teaching sites should be retained and run to ensure students Enroll nearby and receive quality education. Reasonably formulate a comprehensive utilization plan for idle campus school buildings, and give priority to the development of education.

(3) Speed ​​up the development of modern vocational education.

Improve the layout of vocational schools. Strengthen the overall planning of secondary vocational education by the people's governments at the prefecture and city level, adjust and improve the layout of vocational schools in accordance with urbanization and industrial layout, and optimize the structure of the vocational education system in accordance with the needs of technical and technical talents for industrial development. Encourage areas with developed industrial economies to plan the layout of secondary vocational schools within the county. The newly added higher vocational schools are mainly located in small and medium-sized cities and industrial clusters. A number of secondary vocational schools will be built in poverty-stricken areas where the population is concentrated and industrial development needs, with a focus on supporting poor areas to build secondary vocational schools that meet the needs of local economic and social development. According to the positioning of the main functional areas, promote the scientific positioning of vocational schools in the region, so that each vocational school can concentrate its efforts on running special and advantageous majors (clusters) required for local economic and social development. Efforts will be made to build a group of high-level vocational schools that serve key work areas such as modern industrial development and poverty alleviation development, form a technical and technical personnel training pattern supported by key vocational schools in national key industries, and optimize the adjustment and optimization of the service industry structure.

Improve the basic capabilities of vocational schools. Formulate vocational school running standards by classification, implement modern vocational education quality improvement plans and other projects, and improve the running conditions of vocational schools, especially the internship training conditions and the level of "double-qualified" teacher team building. Encourage social forces to participate in vocational education. In accordance with the principle of encouraging competition and supporting the strong, through cooperation with industry enterprises, we will concentrate our efforts to build a number of high-level vocational schools. Support vocational schools in the eastern, central and western regions to strengthen counterpart cooperation, and improve the level of professional construction, curriculum development, and school management through joint school running, entrusted management, and group school running.

 

 

 

Strengthen the training of reserve talents for craftsmen in major countries. Focus on improving the quality of talent training in vocational schools, strengthen the cultivation of professional spirit, promote the introduction of industrial culture, excellent corporate culture, and professional culture into the classrooms, promote the high integration of professional skills and professional spirit, and focus on cultivating labor, dedication and trustworthiness, excellence, and innovation Craftsman spirit. Promote vocational schools and industry enterprises to jointly build technology and product research and development centers, experimental training platforms, skill master studios, etc., improve the student skills competition system of vocational schools, coordinate the teaching system and competition system of vocational schools, and establish and improve outstanding reserve talents of great country craftsmen Early detection, selection and training system. Open up vocational education talent training channels, so that the technical skills of vocational school students can be developed through continuous further study.

(4) Adjust the structure of higher education.

Promote the classified development and rational distribution of higher education. Promote the local implementation of the reform of the classification management of colleges and universities, establish a classification system for higher education based on the positioning of talent training, study and formulate the classification setting, classification guidance, classification allocation, classification evaluation and other systems of colleges and universities, and strive to form a situation of scientific positioning and characteristic development of colleges and universities . Improve the management methods for the establishment of higher education institutions and enrollment plans, explore the establishment of early warning mechanisms and exit mechanisms for colleges and universities, guide local governments to focus on running existing colleges and universities, strengthen the overall planning of higher education by the provincial people’s government, and increase higher education resources to the new Urbanization areas, industrial clusters, and border cities. Give priority to the development of applied technology colleges and small-scale colleges with unique characteristics. Speed ​​up the establishment of a number of high-level applied colleges and vocational schools that serve local economic and social development. In accordance with the regulations of the institution of higher education, the qualified technician colleges shall be included in the sequence of higher education institutions.

Promote the transformation of qualified ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities to application-oriented. Promote the development of pilot transformation and development in various regions, strengthen the overall guidance of reform pilots, accelerate the reform of supporting systems, and summarize and promote the typical experience of the pilots. Give full play to the initiative, enthusiasm, and exemplary leading role of pilot universities in reform and innovation, and guide universities to carry out all-round and systematic reforms in terms of governance structure, professional system, curriculum content, teaching methods, and teacher structure, so as to truly transfer the ideas of running schools Serving local economic and social development, shifting the orientation of running a school to cultivating applied and technical talents, to enhancing students’ employment and entrepreneurship capabilities, and shifting the school-running model to industry-education integration, school-enterprise cooperation, and the “13th Five-Year Plan” "At the end, a number of high-level applied universities with Chinese characteristics that directly serve regional development and industrial revitalization will be built, and a scientific and rational higher education structure will be formed.

 

 

 

 

Increase the proportion of applied, technical and compound talents. The newly-added higher education enrollment plan is mainly inclined to the cultivation of application-oriented and technical skill-oriented talents. Steadily expand the scale of postgraduate training. Expand the proportion of professional degree master graduate students, actively and steadily promote the training of doctoral degree graduate students, and the newly-added plan is mainly used for the training of talents in short supply. Speed ​​up the development of emerging disciplines and cross-disciplines. Promote military-civilian integration, reform and improve the policy system for training military talents relying on national education, do a good job in the training of national defense students in ordinary colleges and universities, and expand the scale of cooperation between colleges and the military to train dual-use talents.

(5) Vigorously develop continuing education.

Speed ​​up the construction of a lifelong education system. Formulate a national qualifications framework and establish a personal learning account and credit accumulation system. Coordinate all relevant departments as a whole to establish various basic statistical systems for continuing education. Establish a variety of learning achievement certification platforms. Explore the full implementation of the credit system in post-senior education, the implementation of a flexible school system and learners' self-selection of courses. Explore the establishment of college education and teaching, curriculum settings, student status management, and credit-based charging systems that are compatible with the full credit system, and promote the course-based credit recognition and conversion between various colleges and universities. Innovate the recognition and conversion of higher education self-study examination credits, improve the recognition and conversion of different majors and different colleges and universities, promote higher education self-study examinations to recognize college course credits, and explore the conversion of higher education self-study exam credits into college credits. Explore the recognition and conversion of non-academic education learning achievements, so that various non-academic learning achievements can pass certain standards and procedures. After being recognized by colleges and universities and self-examination institutions, they can be converted into corresponding course credits. The certification standards are independently formulated by the colleges and universities. Allow learners to obtain credits through classroom learning, online learning, self-study, etc., establish and improve the mechanism of communication and connection between vocational education and general education, academic education and non-academic education, pre-service education and post-service education, and gradually expand the enrollment of higher education institutions. The proportion of experienced personnel, and the establishment of a subsidy system for different groups of people to receive education, so that all citizens have the opportunity to continue to develop through various methods such as direct advancement, employment first, and study while working.

 

 

 

Strengthen the construction of continuing education platforms. Clarify the responsibilities, tasks and assessment standards of continuing education for various higher education and vocational schools, promote the further opening of higher education and vocational schools, and provide extensive education and training services for urban and rural employees, especially for industry enterprises, continue to carry out continuing education for employees, Focus on enhancing the professional ideals of employees, and improve professional ethics, technical skills, management level and educational level. Strengthen the top-level design, improve the self-study examination system, run an open university, and provide high-quality continuing education resources. Continue to run various adult education institutions. Support the establishment of corporate universities and continuing education bases for employees of enterprises and institutions, and encourage various social training institutions to carry out education and training activities in accordance with the law. Give full play to the role of adults, community education institutions, county-level vocational education centers, and agricultural broadcasting and television schools to make them an open platform for regional vocational education and training, technology promotion, poverty alleviation and social life education, and improve continuing education networks throughout urban and rural areas .

Coordinate the expansion of continuing education services. Strengthen the overall planning of continuing education by provincial and municipal governments, accelerate the construction of a lifelong learning incentive mechanism involving the government, enterprises, and society, and build an open and convenient lifelong learning public service system covering urban and rural areas across the country. Integrate continuing education resources and provide learners with educational training "skill packages" based on the needs of social work positions. Attach importance to continuing education for active duty and veterans, and focus on implementing policies such as the special enrollment plan for retired college students and soldiers. Integrate resources, improve the community education network that integrates urban and rural areas, extensively carry out urban and rural community education, and promote school education resources to serve community residents. Promote the construction of a learning city. Continue to carry out the "Lifelong Learning Activity Week for All" and advocate reading for all. Promote the gradual integration of educational institutions for the elderly into the local public service system, improve the learning service system for the elderly, run universities for the elderly, and effectively expand the supply of educational resources for the elderly.

 

 

 

(6) Accelerate the training of talents urgently needed by modern industries.

Speed ​​up the adjustment of the discipline and specialty structure. Expand the autonomy of professional setting in higher education and vocational schools. In addition to implementing national management of disciplines and majors in special industries such as national security, public safety, and personal safety, schools set up their own majors in accordance with the law. Strengthen the policy guidance for the establishment of majors, promptly revise the catalog of secondary vocational, undergraduate and postgraduate majors and the catalog of graduate disciplines, and reduce long-term majors with insufficient social needs. Promote colleges and universities to accelerate the construction of emerging cross-disciplines, and set up compound majors through professional transformation and other methods. Give full play to the role of industry associations and industry vocational education and teaching steering committees, explore the establishment of a multi-sectoral collaborative talent demand forecasting mechanism, improve the resource allocation mechanism and evaluation and evaluation mechanism, and guide the school to set up majors around the needs of technological innovation and economic and social development, and form school-running characteristics.

 

 

 

Vigorously train modern agricultural talents. Increase investment in agriculture-related disciplines and student funding, and promote the modernization of agriculture-related disciplines and majors. Deepen the reform of the agricultural talent training model, and accelerate the training of modern agricultural leaders, high-skilled talents and new-type professional farmers. Give full play to the important role of agricultural colleges and universities in the cultivation of new-type professional farmers, agricultural technology innovation, and agricultural technology extension and application, and form an agricultural talent training and agricultural technology innovation extension network that is compatible with the development of modern agriculture.

Accelerate the training of talents in urgent need of strategic emerging industries. Facing the key areas of "Made in China 2025", support high-level universities to strengthen the core technical disciplines and majors related to manufacturing, and support vocational schools to open advanced equipment manufacturing and basic manufacturing related majors. Continue to implement the professional and technical personnel knowledge renewal project and the advanced manufacturing outstanding engineer training program, and accelerate the training of urgently needed engineering and technical personnel. Expand the scale of talent training in strategic emerging industries such as energy conservation and environmental protection, new generation information technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials, and new energy vehicles. Serving the country’s “Internet+” initiative and big data strategy, breaking the limitations of traditional disciplines and professions, vigorously developing emerging disciplines such as mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, smart hardware, integrated circuits, and accelerating the cultivation of information technology and industrial upgrading , Compound talents who integrate and develop technological innovation and social services.

Strengthen the training of modern service industry and social management service personnel. Improve the talent training system for productive and living service industries, and accelerate the training of new types of majors in R&D and design, intellectual property rights, inspection and testing, modern logistics, e-commerce, finance, foreign law, international exchanges, tourism, health, sports, and elderly-related fields Talent. Improve the general practice talent training system, and train general practice talents for free in poverty-stricken areas and rural grassroots. Strengthen the training of pediatrics and other talents that are in short supply, and support areas with shortage of pediatric medical resources to hold pediatric undergraduate majors in colleges and universities with conditions. Support the construction of rehabilitation universities and accelerate the training of rehabilitation talents. Strengthen the training of professional social work personnel. Actively promote the reform of the recruitment and training system for public security colleges and public security professionals, and strengthen the training of public security professionals.

 

5. Collaboratively create a good education ecology

(1) Optimize the campus education environment.

Strengthen the construction of campus culture. Strengthen and improve school management and classroom teaching management, strict classroom discipline, examination discipline, and life discipline, and establish a good school spirit and school discipline. Extensively carry out the creation of civilized campuses, carry out diverse, healthy, and elegant campus cultural activities, promote the construction of "one school, one product" campus culture, and guide schools at all levels and types to build a distinctive campus culture. Strengthen the construction of campus network content, and create a number of core value-themed education websites and online interactive communities with wide-ranging influence. Integrate resources and explore the co-construction and sharing of schools and social and cultural infrastructure. Continue to promote the construction of children's palaces in rural schools.

Create a safe campus. Carry out risk assessment and monitoring of the stability of the education system. Strengthen the building of disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of the education system. Speed ​​up the renovation of dilapidated buildings in schools and eliminate hidden dangers in school buildings. Consolidate the results of the logistic reform of colleges and universities, and improve the logistic support mechanism of all levels and types of schools. Improve the school’s rapid response mechanism for major emergencies, improve the school’s safety management system, promote the construction of school public safety video surveillance and networking applications, strengthen the construction of civil air defense, physical defense, and technical defense facilities to ensure the safety of school food, personnel, facilities, and activities. Build an effective mechanism to prevent and punish "campus bullying" to prevent vicious campus security incidents. Explore the establishment of a student accidental injury assistance system, improve accident handling and arbitration and mediation mechanisms for school-related conflicts and disputes, and maintain the normal school education and teaching order and the legitimate rights and interests of teachers and students in accordance with the law.

(2) Improve the social education environment.

Establish a collaborative education work mechanism with the full participation of the government, schools, society, and families. Implement the government’s leading responsibilities, adhere to the correct public opinion orientation, strengthen mainstream ideology and public opinion, innovate and improve online publicity, grasp the rules of online communication, make full use of new media and new methods such as Weibo and WeChat, and provide young people with healthy and progressive content and artistic charm To promote the main theme, stimulate positive energy, strengthen educational public welfare, guide the society to establish a correct view of education and talents, and create a good public opinion environment. Carry out youth online civilized voluntary actions, participate in the supervision and containment of illegal and harmful information dissemination on the Internet, and create a clean cyberspace. Carry out comprehensive management actions for the campus and surrounding cultural environment, and strictly prohibit commercial Internet cafes from providing services to minors. Promote enterprises, institutions and communities to fulfill their educational responsibilities, make full use of various educational resources, actively participate in the organization of vocational education and training and education activities, and actively provide conditions and convenience for student internships, practical training and social practice. Earnestly implement the employment access system, and promote enterprises to increase the income level of technical and skilled personnel. Clarify family education responsibilities, strengthen parent education, popularize family education knowledge, guide parents to be the first teachers of students, and promote the development of youth personality and mental health.

Optimize the language environment. Implement the national common spoken and written popularization project. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of social language and characters and education and guidance. Basically popularize the national standard spoken and written language. The popularization rate of the national standard spoken and written language in schools of all levels and types has reached 95%, and the standardization of the use of spoken and written language has reached the standard. Promote the construction of China's language resources protection project and language norms and standards. Strengthen the research and application of key technologies of language information informatization. Promote the standardization of national sign language and braille, and speed up the standardization and promotion of national common sign language and braille. Intensify the construction of the Chinese classic resource library. A series of activities such as recitation of Chinese classics and standardization of Chinese character writing have been extensively carried out. Continue to run brand programs that promote and spread the excellent Chinese language and culture, and build a brand for Chinese language and culture communication.

(3) Constructing an environment of educational integrity.

Efforts will be made to strengthen honesty education, integrate honesty education into all aspects of talent training, and guide students to develop an honest and trustworthy moral character. Improve the integrity examination management system, enrich the national education examination integrity file database, incorporate relevant credit records into the national credit information sharing platform, and increase the supervision and punishment of untrustworthy breaches such as examination violations, paper plagiarism, and academic degree fraud. Establish and improve the record of oriented training students' performance of the contract and the punishment mechanism for breach of contract.

(4) Establish a scientific evaluation system.

Give full play to the guiding role of educational evaluation in scientific education, and regard the promotion of the overall development of people and the adaptation to economic and social development as the fundamental criteria for evaluating the quality of education. Comprehensively improve the education evaluation system at all levels and types, pay attention to examining the ability of students to adapt to social development and life-long development, and prevent the assessment of schools and teachers by the admission rate and the evaluation of students by scores. Explore the implementation of open evaluation involving the participation of stakeholders, and improve the mechanism for disclosing evaluation results.

Promote the reform of comprehensive evaluation of the quality of basic education. Facing the future, clarify the core literacy of students in each school stage, implement teaching evaluation based on core literacy, and promote the overall development and sustainable development of students. Construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for education quality, and take students' morality, academic work, physical and mental development level, and development of interest and specialty as the main content of evaluating school education quality. Establish an academic burden monitoring mechanism to effectively reduce the excessive academic burden of primary and secondary school students.

Construct a scientific evaluation system for vocational education. Take learners' professional ethics, technical skills and employment and entrepreneurship capabilities as the main content of the evaluation, and strengthen the evaluation of the internship training link. Support industry organizations to evaluate the quality of talent training in vocational schools, and improve the vocational education quality evaluation mechanism involving schools, industries, enterprises, research institutions, and other social organizations. Improve the annual report system for the quality of vocational education. Encourage enterprises and employers to carry out evaluations of graduates’ employment quality and satisfaction. Improve the consistency between talent training and industry needs.

Improve the evaluation of the quality of talent training in colleges and universities. In accordance with the goal of cultivating college students with ideals, pursuits, responsibilities, accomplishments, quality, and accomplishment, implement national standards for teaching quality, standardize the requirements for training talents in professional fields, and encourage industry departments (associations) to develop talent evaluation standards to promote Colleges and universities formulate standards and evaluation methods for the training of professional talents. Adhere to the close integration of ideological and moral cultivation and cultural knowledge learning, innovative thinking and practical ability, comprehensive development and personality development, adhere to the combination of process and result evaluation of college students' learning, strict curriculum evaluation standards and management, and explore evaluation methods based on real tasks , Pay attention to the assessment of students' ability to use the knowledge system to analyze and solve problems.

(5) Build a green campus.

Strengthen the construction of a conservation-oriented campus. Promote the implementation of energy and water efficiency leaders in the education system to lead actions. Carry out pilot projects for green campus construction. Revise and implement school construction standards, and strengthen the requirements for green energy conservation and environmental protection. Improve school energy conservation, strengthen energy-saving operation management and supervision and evaluation, explore the establishment of school electricity, energy, water and other resource utilization statistics and report publicity systems, and formulate garbage recycling management methods. Improve the evaluation and supervision measures, and form a restraint and incentive mechanism that is conducive to saving, so that the school can save all kinds of resources to the greatest extent, protect the environment and reduce pollution. Encourage and guide qualified regions and schools to apply new energy and new technologies.

Build a beautiful campus. Strengthen campus greening and environmental beautification. Improve campus environmental safety standards, and strictly implement environmental testing and management of school soil, water sources, construction and decoration materials, teaching equipment, sports facilities, indoor air, etc., to provide teachers and students with a safe, green and healthy teaching and living environment.

 

6. Overall planning and promotion of open education

(1) Optimize the layout of education opening to the outside world.

Carry out the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" education initiative. Actively propose countries along the “Belt and Road” to build an educational community, carry out key cooperation in education interconnection, talent training, and Silk Road cooperation mechanism construction, match the wishes of countries along the route, learn from each other's advanced educational experience, and share high-quality educational resources. Establish the "Silk Road" Chinese Government Scholarship. Strengthen the mutual recognition of academic qualifications and exchange of teachers and students with schools in countries along the “Belt and Road”, and establish a closer educational cooperation and exchange mechanism. Support qualified universities and vocational schools to cooperate with enterprises to go global and establish school-running institutions and R&D institutions.

Classified promotion of international cooperation and exchanges in education. Strengthen pragmatic cooperation in education with major countries, neighboring countries, and developing countries, and form a situation of education opening up with key promotion and win-win cooperation. Focus on inviting high-quality resources to deepen educational cooperation and exchanges with developed countries; focus on education going global and expand educational cooperation and exchanges with developing countries. Strengthen educational cooperation with Southeast Asian and African countries. Promote the new Eurasian Land Bridge, China-Central Asia-West Asia, China-Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar, China, Mongolia, Russia and other important corridors, as well as regional education cooperation and exchanges under the Lancang-Mekong cooperation mechanism. Strengthen cooperation with relevant countries in the training of language talents, and accelerate the training of talents in various non-common languages.

Create the characteristics of regional education opening to the outside world. Support the eastern region to improve the overall level of education opening up, and take the lead in providing modern education with Chinese characteristics and world-class standards. Intensify policy inclination to support the central and western regions and northeastern regions to continuously expand the breadth and depth of education opening to the outside world. Guide the border regions to use their geographical advantages to promote educational cooperation and exchanges with neighboring countries.

 

 

 

 

(2) Improve the level and level of open education.

Improve the quality of overseas education. Optimize the service of studying abroad, improve the information management service mechanism for overseas students, and improve the management service system for overseas students. Strengthen overall planning, improve the dispatch policy, give full play to the role of the government in regulating and supplying the training of high-end talents, and accelerate the training of talents urgently needed by the national strategy. Implement the plan of studying in China and build the brand of "study in China". Establish quality standards and guarantee systems for studying in China, improve the international level of teachers and courses, strengthen the management and supervision of studying in China, improve the service level of studying in China, and steadily expand the scale of studying in China. Give better play to the leading role of Chinese government scholarships, innovate scholarship management models, and strengthen the cultivation of elites. Do a good job of alumni staying in China.

Deepen exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and foreign schools. Support qualified primary and secondary schools to establish friendly school relations with foreign schools, carry out multi-channel foreign cultural and educational exchanges, and expand international horizons. Support vocational schools and application-oriented colleges and universities to introduce high-level experts and high-quality curriculum resources from abroad (overseas), and encourage the exchange of teachers and students between Chinese and foreign vocational schools. Support research universities and world-class universities and academic institutions to carry out joint training of high-level talents and joint scientific research, relying on superior disciplines to hold high-level international academic forums, and create a high-end international academic exchange and cooperation platform. Improve management systems for university teachers and scientific research personnel to go abroad, international conferences, and foreign affairs reception, carry out overseas research and training for principals and key teachers of universities, middle and primary schools, and encourage and support teachers to participate in more extensive and in-depth international academic exchanges and cooperation.

Improve the quality of Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools. Strengthen the management of Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools, improve the access system, simplify the approval procedures, improve the evaluation and certification, strengthen the exit mechanism, strengthen information disclosure, and improve the quality assurance system. Establish a successful experience sharing mechanism for cooperatively running schools to highlight the role of cooperatively running schools in promoting school teaching reform. Focus on the construction of natural sciences and engineering sciences that are urgently needed by the country, introduce high-quality foreign educational resources, build a number of demonstration cooperative education institutions and projects, encourage and support vocational schools to cooperate with foreign first-class vocational schools to develop high-level technical skills Talents, research universities and world-class universities are encouraged to cooperate in the establishment of non-independent secondary colleges in advantageous disciplines, jointly build research institutions, build first-class disciplines, and promote domestic universities and vocational schools to improve the level of schooling.

(3) Actively participate in global education governance.

Deepen multilateral education cooperation. Promote the establishment of a high-level regular consultation mechanism with UNESCO to consolidate and improve the level of cooperation. Improve the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, APEC and other multilateral education ministers' meeting mechanisms, improve the BRICS education cooperation mechanism, expand the educational cooperation space of APEC and other platforms, and use credits to consider each other as the focus, promote student exchanges, and participate in related multilateral education actions. Improve the personnel training mechanism of international organizations, and cultivate and recommend outstanding talents to serve in international organizations in a planned way.

Deeply participate in the formulation of international education rules. Strengthen the research on various major international education rules, make full use of the platform of international organizations, and take the initiative to put forward new propositions, new initiatives and new programs on global education development issues. Innovate ways to promote my country's education evaluation and certification standards and the experience of education reform and development, and strengthen my country's responsible image in international education governance.

Carry out international assistance in education. Further do a good job in foreign aid for education, focusing on investing in, assisting, and benefiting people. Coordinate the use of national and non-governmental resources, accelerate the construction of foreign education training centers and education foreign aid bases, and train and train managers, teachers, scholars, and various types of technical and technical talents at all levels for developing countries. Actively carry out the integrated assistance of high-quality teaching equipment, overall teaching plan, and supporting teacher training. In conjunction with my country’s foreign aid projects, teachers and young students are encouraged to participate in project construction and provide volunteer services in developing countries.

(4) Coordinate and promote cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.

Improve the humanities exchange mechanism between China and foreign countries. Give full play to the pillar role of people-to-people exchanges in the overall situation of the country’s foreign work, deepen people-to-people exchanges between China, Russia, China, the United States, China, Britain, China Europe, China, France, China and Indonesia, strengthen inter-departmental coordination, integrate social forces, and build a group of Chinese and foreign cultural exchange brands The project promotes the formation of a good pattern of humanities exchanges with multi-level mechanisms and full regional coverage. Integrate and build a platform for inter-governmental education consultations, pragmatic cooperation with professionals in the education field, and friendly exchanges between teachers and students. Expand inter-governmental language learning and exchange programs, join more countries to develop language exchange and shared courses, promote language exchange with countries around the world, and improve the ability to tell Chinese stories and spread Chinese ideas.

Run the Confucius Institute well. Adhere to mutual respect, friendly consultation, equality and mutual benefit, and improve the layout of Confucius Institutes. Vigorously strengthen the supporting capacity of Chinese partner colleges, establish and improve the discipline system of Chinese international education, focus on building a high-quality dean and full-time team of teachers, and vigorously train local Chinese teachers in various countries. We will run Confucius Institute Dean Institutes, Model Confucius Institutes, and Online Confucius Institutes, encourage Chinese-funded institutions and social organizations to participate in the construction of Confucius Institutes, and continuously improve the quality and level of Confucius Institutes (classrooms). In-depth implementation of the "Confucius New Sinology Program", deepen language and cultural exchanges with countries around the world, support countries to incorporate Chinese into their national education systems, and learn and use Chinese more widely.

(5) Deepen education cooperation and exchanges between the Mainland and Hong Kong, Macau, the Mainland and Taiwan.

Improve the education cooperation and exchange mechanism between the Mainland, Hong Kong and Macao. Support Hong Kong and Macao to strengthen the education of Chinese history, culture and national conditions among young students, and strengthen cooperation between the Mainland and Hong Kong and Macao in the fields of teachers, courses, teaching materials, teaching, examination evaluation, and supervision. Actively create conditions and vigorously attract Hong Kong and Macao students to study in the Mainland. Improve the level of education exchanges and cooperation between the Mainland, Hong Kong and Macao, innovate methods, expand the scale, strengthen interest linkages, promote complementary advantages, and promote the common development of education in the Mainland, Hong Kong and Macao.

Create a platform for educational cooperation and exchange between the mainland and Taiwan. Support educators from both sides of the Taiwan Strait to exchange ideas on educational development. Strengthen student exchanges and visits. Expand the scope of mutual recognition of academic qualifications of colleges and universities on both sides of the strait. Do a good job in recruiting Taiwanese students to study in the mainland and mainland students to study in Taiwan. Improve the cross-strait language exchange and cooperation mechanism.

 

7, comprehensively improve the level of education development and sharing

(1) Win the battle against poverty through education.

Comprehensively promote targeted poverty alleviation through education and targeted poverty alleviation. The establishment of a database of registration cards for the poor in rural areas improves the accuracy of education and poverty alleviation, so that children from poor families can receive fair and quality education, and the intergenerational transmission of poverty is blocked. Further improve the education support policies of impoverished counties, and give priority to relevant education projects to support impoverished counties. Encourage local governments to expand the scope of the pilot nutrition improvement plan, and the central government will provide rewards and subsidies to achieve full coverage of concentrated contiguous counties in poverty-stricken areas and key counties in the national poverty alleviation and development work. Exemption of tuition and miscellaneous fees for students from families with financial difficulties (including non-filed and registered students with financial difficulties, students from rural low-income families, and rural poor support students), and increase funding for college students from poor families Intensity. Continue to give preference to students in rural and poor areas to receive higher education, so that more children from disadvantaged families can receive good education and have more channels for improvement.

Increase vocational education efforts to alleviate poverty. Launched the implementation of the Vocational Education Dream Realization Action Plan, the provincial education administrative department coordinated the national demonstration and national key secondary vocational schools, selected good employment majors, listed separate enrollment plans, and enrolled students from poor families with established documents to ensure that at least one practical subject was mastered Skills to enhance the “blood-making” ability of poor families for self-development. Implement a secondary vocational education cooperation plan, and support junior high school graduates from poor families who have established files to receive secondary vocational education in economically developed areas outside the province (region, city).

Strengthen education counterpart support. Implement educational poverty alleviation paired assistance actions, and promote counterpart assistance to rural primary and secondary schools, and kindergartens in urban primary and secondary schools and high-quality kindergartens in the province, so as to realize that every school in poverty-stricken areas has a counterpart support school. Encourage high-level universities, especially those in the east, to expand the scope of counterpart support to universities in the central and western regions, and strengthen the Eastern Vocational Education Group and the National Vocational Education Reform Demonstration School to assist vocational schools in concentrated contiguous areas in extreme poverty. Continue to promote the work of contacting the mountainous areas in the western Yunnan border at designated locations.

 

 

 

 

(2) Promote the balanced and high-quality development of compulsory education.

Promote balanced development within the county. Accelerate the promotion of uniform urban and rural compulsory education school construction standards, uniform teacher establishment standards, uniform per-student public expenditure benchmark quotas, uniform basic equipment configuration standards, and "two exemptions and one subsidy" policy in the county . Improve the exchange mechanism and guarantee mechanism of principal-teacher rotation, and promote the institutionalization and normalization of the exchange and rotation of urban and rural principals and teachers. Promote school-running forms such as group schooling, strong schools and weak schools, entrusted management, school district management, school alliances, and nine-year consistent schools, accelerate the expansion of the coverage of high-quality educational resources, and vigorously improve the quality of compulsory education in rural and weak areas. On the basis of ensuring that the country basically realizes the balanced development of compulsory education in counties in 2020, promote the balanced development of cities where conditions permit.

Narrow the regional gap. The provincial government has strengthened overall planning to narrow the gap in the development of compulsory education within the province. All localities should establish and improve basic standards for the construction of compulsory education schools in accordance with local conditions, scientifically promote the standardized construction of public schools for compulsory education in urban and rural areas, and improve the conditions for running schools in weak schools and boarding schools. It is strictly forbidden to use financial funds to build super-standard and luxurious schools, and to eliminate political achievement projects and image projects. Promote a more balanced development of compulsory education in the eastern, central and western regions, improve the quality and guarantee level of compulsory education in the central and western regions, and narrow the gap with the developed eastern regions.

Consolidate and improve the level of popularization. Efforts will be made to improve the quality of education in rural, remote, impoverished and ethnic areas where dropouts are concentrated. Establish a monitoring system for the consolidation rate of compulsory education, fully implement the responsibility system for controlling dropouts, establish an administrative supervision and resumption mechanism, and promote joint control by the government, schools, families, welfare institutions, Communist Youth League organizations, and communities. Establish a responsibility system to help students with learning difficulties, promote the integration of general vocational education in rural junior high schools according to local conditions, provide multiple growth channels, and properly solve the problem of rural students going to school and boarding students’ transportation to and from home and school. Increase efforts to help poor students and work hard not to leave a child behind. Accelerate the realization of the standardization of compulsory education school management and improve the overall quality of compulsory education.

(3) Speed ​​up the development of preschool education.

Continue to expand inclusive preschool education resources and basically solve the problem of "difficulty in entering kindergartens". Implement pre-school education action plans and follow-up actions with districts and counties as units. Support enterprises, institutions and collectives to run parks and expand public preschool education resources. Improve the support policies for inclusive private kindergartens, encourage local governments to purchase services, subsidize rents, and train teachers to speed up the development of private inclusive kindergartens. Develop early education for 0-3 years old infants and young children, and explore the establishment of a public welfare early education service model for infants and young children based on kindergartens and maternal and child health institutions, facing the community and guiding parents.

Improve the quality of nursery education in kindergartens. Improve the preschool education management system, strengthen the overall responsibility of the provincial government, and implement the main responsibility of the county government for the development of preschool education and kindergarten supervision. Increase support for weak links in preschool education in poverty-stricken areas and ethnic minority areas. Establish a pre-school education quality evaluation and supervision system, implement the "Kindergarten Work Regulations", strengthen daily guidance and supervision of all kinds of kindergarten access, safety, teachers, fees, health care and quality, implement an information publicity system, and strengthen social supervision. Efforts will be made to improve the quality of teachers and childcare workers in preschool education.

(4) Popularize high school education.

Consolidate and improve the level of development of secondary vocational education. Carry out vocational education in the compulsory education stage. Keep the general high school and secondary vocational education enrollment roughly the same, and develop high school education with the focus on secondary vocational education in the central and western regions. Strengthen the basic capacity building of secondary vocational education, focusing on improving the basic conditions for running schools in impoverished areas and weak secondary vocational schools. Adjust and optimize the allocation of resources, and coordinate a batch of secondary vocational schools. Establish a unified enrollment system and a unified enrollment platform for secondary vocational schools and ordinary high schools, and expand the regional scope and scale of enrollment of high-quality secondary vocational schools.

Promote the diversified development of ordinary high schools. Continue to support the construction of ordinary high schools in poverty-stricken areas and ethnic minority areas. Explore multiple models of comprehensive high schools and characteristic high schools, promote the development of school characteristics, and provide students with more choices. Promote the need for localities to adapt to the reform of the college entrance examination system and teaching reform, strengthen the conditions for running ordinary high schools and the allocation of teachers, and ensure that relevant courses are fully opened, fully opened, and well-opened. Promote the construction of a development guidance system for ordinary high school students. Promote local governments to formulate an average funding standard for ordinary high school students to make up for the funding gap in public ordinary high schools after the cancellation of the "three restrictions" (students admitted based on the policy of limited scores, limited numbers, and limited money). The ordinary high school debts that have been included in the results of the liquidation and screening of existing local government debts shall be repaid in accordance with the local government debt management policies.

(5) Speed ​​up the development of ethnic education.

Accelerate the improvement of the level of educational development in ethnic minority areas. Speed ​​up the construction of universal kindergartens in ethnic areas, and the gross enrollment rate in the three years before school in ethnic areas will reach more than 70%. Efforts will be made to improve the level of balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas, and strive to eliminate dropouts. Speed ​​up the development of secondary vocational education that is in line with the reality of ethnic regions, continue to implement the "9+3" free secondary vocational education model in Tibetan areas of the four provinces, and raise the level of popularization of high school education in ethnic regions. Improve the conditions for running vocational schools in ethnic areas, and support the development of outstanding ethnic traditional culture, modern agriculture and animal husbandry, and other special advantages. Appropriately increase the proportion of vocational schools enrolling students from ethnic minority areas in the eastern and central provinces and cities. Actively support ethnic regions to optimize the layout of colleges and universities, improve the level of higher education, encourage and support ethnic regions and eastern and central provinces and cities to expand the enrollment scale of colleges and universities, and expand higher education entrance opportunities. Encourage state-owned enterprises and counterpart aid projects in ethnic areas to attract employment of ethnic minority graduates from local colleges and vocational schools. Continue to educate counterparts in Xinjiang, Tibet and Tibetan areas in the four provinces. Special support will be given to ethnic regions with weak educational foundations such as southern Xinjiang.

Scientifically and steadily implement bilingual education. Strengthen the education of the national common language in ethnic areas, ensure that ethnic minority students basically master and use the national common language, improve the teaching level of ethnic minority languages, encourage Han teachers and students in ethnic areas to learn ethnic minority languages, and encourage teachers and students of all ethnic minorities Learn language from each other. Research and improve the qualifications and evaluation criteria for bilingual teachers. Support the training and training of bilingual teachers, teaching research, teaching materials development and publication, and strengthen the guidance and supervision of teaching materials in minority languages. Establish and improve bilingual education supervision, evaluation and monitoring mechanisms.

Run ethnic classes in the mainland well. Further strengthen the construction of ethnic classes in the interior and improve the conditions for running schools. Strengthen management services, explore the promotion of mixed-class teaching and mixed accommodation, and carry out pilots of various teaching management models such as the "working-class system" for ethnic classes in the Mainland to promote the integration of inland ethnic class students into local learning and life as soon as possible, strict assessment standards, and improve the elimination mechanism Continually improve the level of running schools for ethnic minority classes in the Mainland.

 

 

 

(6) Guarantee the right to education of disadvantaged groups.

Run special education well. Continue to implement the special education promotion plan and improve the layout of special education schools. Improve the support and guarantee policy system for learning in regular classes, focusing on supporting ordinary primary and secondary schools in poverty-stricken areas and rural areas to carry out regular learning and promote integrated education. Take districts and counties as the unit to implement precise policies to fully popularize compulsory education for disabled children and adolescents. Promote special education schools and rehabilitation institutions for children with disabilities to actively create conditions to carry out preschool education for children with disabilities. Speed ​​up the development of senior high school education for the disabled with vocational education as the mainstay. Provide 12 years of free education including compulsory education and high school education for disabled children and young people with financial difficulties. Improve the policy of enrolling students with disabilities in colleges and vocational schools. Gradually improve the teaching material system of special education courses and the basic school-running standards of schools. Students with mild to moderate disabilities are enrolled in regular classes, and students with moderate to severe disabilities are enrolled in special education schools, and students with severe disabilities are sent home. Promote the integration of education and rehabilitation, pay attention to the development of the potential of disabled students and compensation for defects, strengthen professional literacy and vocational skills training, strengthen professional learning, employment and other support and guarantee services for disabled students, and promote the better integration of disabled students into society.

Achieve full coverage of financial aid for students from poor families. Improve a more precise education funding system to ensure that all assistance is needed. Establish and improve the national student financial aid information management system based on student status, and strengthen the connection with the information systems of the population, civil affairs, and poverty alleviation departments. According to the level of economic development and financial resources, the funding standards will be adjusted in a timely manner. Give priority to protecting groups with special difficulties. Gradually promote the exemption of tuition and miscellaneous fees for secondary vocational education. Continuously improve the national student grant system and student loan policy.

Do a good job in educating children who move with them. Incorporate education for the children of migrant workers in cities into the scope of urban development planning and financial guarantees. The implementation of "two exemptions and one subsidy" funds and the standard fixed amount of public funds per student can be carried along with the flow of students. Adapt to the requirements of the household registration system reform, promote the establishment of enrollment methods for children with migrants based on residence permits, simplify and optimize the enrollment process and document requirements, and ensure that eligible children with migrants can attend public schools or private schools with government-owned services In large cities and places where children with migrants are particularly concentrated, specific methods for enrolling children with migrants can be formulated based on actual conditions. Implement mixed class assignments and unified management to help migrant children integrate into schools and communities. Further improve the policies and measures for the children of migrants to take the entrance examination in the place of inflow after receiving compulsory education.

Strengthen the care and protection of left-behind children. Improve the service system, highlight the key points of care, establish a ledger, grasp the situation, implement a more humane and refined service policy, and focus on strengthening the care, care and assistance for children left behind without supervision and parents. Increase school education and care, and establish a mechanism for school principals and teachers to contact and help rural left-behind children in schools. Clearly strengthen the legal education responsibilities of families and parents, and encourage school-age children whose parents have obtained residence permits to follow their parents to school at the workplace. Strengthen the construction of boarding schools, further improve learning and living conditions, innovate care and education forms, and strengthen psychological counseling, legal education and safety education.

(7) Vigorously promote the employment and entrepreneurship of college graduates.

Implement the employment and entrepreneurship promotion plan for college graduates. Strengthen ideological education and employment guidance for graduates, broaden employment channels around the country's major development strategies, guide and encourage graduates to face grassroots employment and self-employment, and do a good job in grassroots employment projects, college student recruitment, and college students' voluntary service to the western region. Further improve the employment and entrepreneurship service system, make full use of the "Internet + employment" new model, establish a precise employment service mechanism, and improve the level of employment and entrepreneurship guidance and service capabilities in colleges and universities. Further intensify assistance to graduates with employment difficulties, focusing on helping groups with economic difficulties in families, ethnic minorities, rural students, and graduates with disabilities to find employment and entrepreneurship, so as to achieve more adequate and higher-quality employment and entrepreneurship.

 

 

 

 

8. Focus on strengthening the construction of the teaching team

(1) Strengthen the construction of teacher ethics and style.

Implement a long-term mechanism for the construction of teachers’ ethics and style in universities, middle schools and primary schools. Insist on the unity of teaching and educating people, the unity of preaching and example, the unity of deliberate questioning and attention to society, the unity of academic freedom and academic norms, and guide the majority of teachers to establish themselves, learn by virtue, and teach by virtue. Carry out various forms of teacher ethics education, integrate teachers’ professional ideals, professional ethics, rule of law, mental health, etc. The teacher ethics construction system network of such schools promotes the self-examination and self-correction of outstanding problems in the construction of teacher ethics. The school leaders take the lead to comprehensively strengthen the construction of the teaching style, teaching style and style of the teacher team, and strive to build a team with ideals, beliefs and morals. A team of teachers with sentiment, solid knowledge, and kindness.

Strengthen the ideological and political work of teachers. Innovate working methods and carriers, open up a new front for ideological education, do a good job of training key teachers and academic leaders, organize teachers to carry out various forms of social practice activities, understand national conditions, social conditions, and people's conditions, and guide teachers to take the lead in practicing the core of socialism Values ​​enhance the ideological, political, theoretical and emotional identification of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Strengthen the education of the national conditions and history of newly recruited teachers and teachers who have returned from overseas studies. Vigorously publicize and commend outstanding teachers and ethics pacesetters, and enhance the sense of nobility and honor of the teaching profession.

Improve the evaluation and supervision mechanism of teacher ethics and style. Take the construction of teacher ethics and style as an important content of school work assessment and education quality supervision and evaluation, and regard the performance of teacher ethics and style as the primary content of teacher evaluation, and establish multiple forms such as personal self-evaluation, student evaluation, peer evaluation, unit evaluation, etc. A combined assessment mechanism to build a teacher ethics and style supervision system involving schools, teachers, students, parents and the society. Improve the commendation and reward system for teachers' ethics, and regard the performance of teachers' ethics as the primary condition for awards and excellence. Intensify the investigation and punishment of various violations of teacher ethics and academic misconduct in accordance with laws and regulations, and implement a one-vote veto system for teachers who are not qualified in the assessment of professional titles, job appointments, and awards, so as to eliminate bad performances. Teachers. Establish a rapid response mechanism to teacher ethics incidents and public opinion, grasp the information dynamics of teacher ethics and style in time, and correct bad tendencies and problems in time.

(2) Improve teachers' ability and quality.

Promote the comprehensive reform of teacher education. Strengthen the construction of the teacher education system, run a batch of normal colleges and majors, improve the teacher training mechanism, model, and curriculum, and explore the establishment of a teacher education quality monitoring and evaluation system. Do a good job in the pilot work of professional certification for teachers. Improve the "trinity" collaborative education mechanism of universities, local governments, primary and secondary schools, and strengthen the practice of teacher education for normal students and the construction of teacher education faculty. Comprehensively promote the reform and innovation of teacher education, and focus on improving the quality of teacher training. Continue to implement the excellent teacher training plan, expand the enrollment scale of masters of education, and train high-level teachers in primary and secondary schools and secondary vocational schools.

Improve the teacher principal training system. Implement a full-staff training system for primary and secondary school teachers and principals with a five-year cycle of no less than 360 hours, and implement a new cycle of full-staff training for teachers and principals. Establish a mechanism for combining training credits and teacher management, build a credit bank for teacher-principal training, and strengthen the construction of a teacher-principal network training community. Strengthen the capacity building of county-level teacher training institutions, integrate high-quality resources of colleges and universities, county-level teacher development centers, and primary and secondary schools, and establish a professional development support service system for primary and secondary school teachers and principals. Strengthen the construction of the "dual-professional" teacher team in vocational schools, organize professional course teachers to regularly participate in enterprise practice, and improve the "dual-professional" teacher training system jointly built by schools and enterprises. Promote the professional development of young teachers in colleges and universities, strengthen pre-job training for new teachers, establish and improve continuing education and training systems for college teachers, and focus on improving education and teaching capabilities. Strengthen the training of special education teachers and improve the education and teaching capabilities of special education teachers. Improve and strengthen the research and development of schools and institutions at all levels and types, strengthen the construction of teaching and research teams, give play to the exemplary and leading role of famous teaching teachers and excellent teachers, and encourage young teachers to participate in teaching teams and innovative teams. Carry out teacher informatization education and teaching training to improve the ability of teachers and managers to apply information technology. Comprehensively carry out leadership training for governing education according to law and education informatization, and enhance the awareness and competence of modern education governance of principals and education administrators. Pay attention to professional training to improve the work level of the Young Pioneer Counselors and University Counselors.

Train and train famous teachers. A number of famous teaching teachers have been identified at the national and provincial levels, and they have encouraged the exchange and lectures of famous teaching teachers, and promoted the creation of a large number of high-level teaching talents across the country. Attract excellent teachers to teach in rural areas in the central and western regions. Encourage teachers to boldly explore in practice, innovate educational models and methods, form teaching characteristics, and create a group of educators.

(3) Attract first-class talents to teach.

Attract outstanding graduates to teach. Improve the early batch admission method of normal colleges. Improve the system of free teacher training students and attract outstanding students to be teachers. Encourage key colleges and universities to provide teacher education curriculum services for non-teacher majors, and smooth the channels for non-teacher majors to teach. Implement and improve the tuition compensation policy for graduates to serve in rural schools, and attract outstanding graduates to teach in primary and secondary schools and secondary vocational schools, especially rural schools.

Vigorously introduce first-class talents from industry enterprises Colleges and vocational schools are allowed to set up a certain proportion of mobile posts to attract entrepreneurs with innovative practical experience, high-tech talents and various senior professionals to teach part-time. Encourage applied universities and vocational schools to hire professional and technical personnel with practical experience, high-skilled personnel, and inheritors of ethnic and folk culture as part-time teachers or professional leaders. Strive to have a large number of leading talents recognized by industry companies in applied universities and vocational schools by 2020.

Build a first-class talent team in colleges and universities. Accelerate the reform of the talent development system and mechanism, optimize the talent development environment, and fully stimulate the vitality of talent innovation and entrepreneurship. We will implement the "Thousand Talents Program", "Ten Thousand Talents Program" and other major talent projects, and implement the "Changjiang Scholars Award Program" in depth. Improve the talent training support mechanism, and vigorously cultivate the introduction of leading talents in disciplines, high-level scientific and technological innovation talents, and top-notch young talents. Implement a more active, more open and more effective talent introduction policy, open up special channels and implement special policies for the special talents urgently needed by the country to achieve precise introduction. Improve the supporting policies for the introduction of talents, and solve the problems of employment, social security, household registration, and children's education for the introduced talents. Cooperate with the reform of the permanent residence system for foreigners, and improve the qualification certification and service management systems for foreign teachers. Increase support for the central and western regions, humanities and social sciences, and young talents.

Cultivate a team of high-quality school leaders. Adhere to the principle of the party’s management of cadres, adhere to the employment standards of having both ability and political integrity and morality first, fully integrate the characteristics of the school, follow the growth law of leaders, select and appoint outstanding talents who speak politics, understand education, good management, dare to take responsibility, and have a right style of work. Member of the school leadership team. Introduce the interim measures for the management of college leaders, strict qualifications, improve the selection and appointment system, and expand the horizons of selection and employment; strengthen the training and education of leaders and the construction of reserve talents, coordinate the promotion of exchanges, improve the incentive and guarantee mechanism, strengthen humanistic care, and bring up A group of well-known university presidents and educators at home and abroad. Introduce the interim measures for the management of primary and secondary school leaders, clarify the qualifications for their positions, standardize the selection and appointment work, improve the assessment and evaluation mechanism, strengthen incentives and guarantees, establish and implement the grade system for primary and secondary school principals; support school leaders to perform their duties in accordance with laws and regulations, and encourage practice China boldly explores and innovates, forms teaching characteristics and school-running styles, and creates a group of outstanding primary and secondary school principals and educators.

(4) Optimize the allocation of teacher resources.

Strengthen the construction of rural teachers. Promote the provincial government to establish a supplementary mechanism for rural teachers with overall planning and unified selection. Gradually expand the implementation scale of the special post program for rural teachers, encourage local governments and normal colleges to strengthen localization training, and adopt various methods to train rural teachers with "one specialization and multiple abilities". Explore the establishment of a teaching service period system for newly hired teachers in rural schools, and make teaching experience in rural schools or weak schools a necessary condition for urban elementary and middle school teachers to be promoted to senior teachers. Encourage and support retired super teachers and senior teachers with good teaching effects and good health to teach and give lectures in rural schools. Promote the implementation of unified urban and rural primary and secondary school staff establishment standards in local areas, and adopt a combination of student-teacher ratio and class-teacher ratio to verify the staff establishment for village primary schools and teaching sites. Fully implement the living subsidy policy for rural teachers in concentrated, contiguous and extremely poor areas, and implement differentiated subsidy standards based on the school’s hardship and remoteness. Establish an honor system for rural teachers, and commend outstanding teachers who have been teaching in rural schools for a long time in accordance with relevant national regulations.

Speed ​​up the recruitment of teachers who are in short supply. Promote the implementation of kindergarten faculty and staff standards, establish a dynamic replenishment mechanism for kindergarten teachers, and encourage the government to purchase posts to solve the shortage of kindergarten teachers, childcare workers, and health workers, and strive to complement the kindergarten faculty. Implementation of compulsory education teacher staffing urban and rural, regional overall planning and dynamic management, the county-level education administrative department shall fully consider rural small-scale schools, boarding schools and rural small-scale schools, boarding schools and the total number of posts in accordance with the number of classes and student sources within the total approved staff and posts. For the actual needs of urban schools, the staff and the number of posts in each school should be allocated in a coordinated manner and reported to the staffing department and financial department of the same level for the record, so as to solve the structural shortage of rural teachers and the shortage of urban teachers. Equipped with special education teachers. According to the characteristics of vocational education, the staff establishment of public vocational schools shall be approved, and local governments shall be guided to adopt various methods for targeted training, and increase the supplementary force of the teaching staff of secondary vocational schools in poor areas. Facing the needs of the adjustment of the talent training structure, optimize the structure of teachers in colleges and universities, and encourage colleges and universities to increase the intensity of hiring teachers with working experience in other schools and industry enterprises.

(5) Improve the teacher management system.

Strictly enter the profession of teachers. Improve the professional standards for teachers, clarify the requirements for teacher ethics and mental health, and improve the teacher qualification system. In accordance with the scientific, reasonable and classified guidelines, the qualification examination system for primary and secondary school teachers shall be implemented in accordance with the law, and the regular registration of primary and secondary school teachers shall be carried out. Newly recruited kindergarten teachers must obtain a kindergarten teacher qualification certificate, deepen the management reform of "county-managed school employment" for teachers in the compulsory education stage, explore the use of industry enterprise experience as a necessary condition for obtaining professional teacher qualifications in vocational schools, and provide new teachers with pre-job training and Teaching practice is a prerequisite for obtaining the qualifications of teachers in higher schools.

Improve the teacher title system. Implement the method of combining the evaluation of teachers' professional titles with job hiring, comprehensively promote the reform of the system of teachers' titles (titles) in primary and secondary schools, set up senior teachers' titles (titles) in primary and secondary schools, and promote the reform of the system of teachers' titles (titles) in secondary vocational schools. Explore Set up senior positions (titles) in secondary vocational schools. Establish a vocational school title (title) review system with the characteristics of vocational education. Unblock the evaluation channels for teachers of private schools to apply for participating positions (titles).

Improve the teacher assessment and evaluation system. Speed ​​up the development of standards for the construction of teachers at all levels and types. Establish an evaluation mechanism in line with the characteristics of teachers’ posts in universities, middle schools and primary schools, deepen the reform of the assessment and evaluation system for teachers in colleges and universities, insist on having both ability and political integrity, and focus on evaluating talents based on ability, performance and contribution, and overcome only academic qualifications, professional titles, and Only inclination of papers, etc., guide college teachers to devote themselves to teaching and educating people, and carry out scientific research around the national strategic needs.

 

 

 

 

9. Accelerate the modernization of education governance

(1) Promote the transformation of government functions.

Deepen the reform of the educational administrative examination and approval system. Establish an educational administrative power list and responsibility list system, and fully disclose the functions of education and related government departments, legal basis, implementation subjects, duties and powers, management procedures, supervision methods and other matters. Reduce educational administrative examination and approval items, simplify the procedures for reserved educational administrative examination and approval, strengthen information disclosure, and facilitate the handling of affairs by the grassroots and the masses. Strengthen supervision during and after the event. Strictly control the project review, education evaluation, talent evaluation and inspection items of schools at all levels and types, and strengthen service functions.

Optimize government services. Efforts to provide schools with necessary professional guidance and services, focusing on strengthening teaching guidance, teacher training, infrastructure guarantees, campus safety dispute mediation, employment information, quality monitoring, evaluation and diagnosis, education foreign-related institutions information, education and teaching basic resources and other services, actively Explore new ways and ways to serve schools, teachers, and students.

Improve the democratic decision-making mechanism. Take public participation, expert argumentation, risk assessment, legality review, and collective discussion decisions as legal procedures for major educational decision-making. Give full play to the role of the National Education Advisory Committee. Hear the opinions and suggestions of the public and all walks of life on major educational decisions in multiple forms and channels. Establish a mechanism for scientific research consulting to support administrative decision-making, strengthen the construction of educational think tanks, improve the level of educational scientific research, and strengthen research on educational policy reserves.

(2) Construct an effective supervision system.

Strengthen the work of education standards. Improve the mechanism for the development, verification, and review of education standards. Accelerate the improvement of the national education standard system, improve the education quality standards of all levels and types of schools, and improve the standards of school construction, education equipment, teacher team construction, education investment, education informatization, education supervision, school operation, language and writing, etc. Promote the implementation and supervision of education standards.

Improve the education quality monitoring system. Improve the national education quality assessment and monitoring institutions, and continue to implement national compulsory education quality monitoring. Explore the establishment of a quality monitoring and evaluation system for preschool education and special education. Encourage industry enterprises to carry out vocational education quality monitoring based on vocational skill standards, regularly monitor and evaluate vocational education quality by industry, and establish a sound vocational education quality assurance system. Gradually expand the scope of higher education certification in engineering and medicine. Carry out the education and teaching evaluation work of ordinary colleges and universities classified. Improve the evaluation of the quality of graduate education, continue to do a good job in the random inspection of doctoral and master's thesis, improve the degree-level elimination and withdrawal mechanism, and seriously deal with the fraudulent thesis. Explore the mechanism for schools to determine their own rules and procedures in accordance with standards and the implementation of government supervision. Establish a quality monitoring mechanism based on big data analysis. Strengthen the use of supervision results, and establish a mechanism for public commitments, integration of power and responsibility, and withdrawal of offenders.

Further improve the education supervision system. Improve the system of government supervision, school supervision, and evaluation and monitoring systems. Improve education supervision institutions in accordance with the law, improve the systems of educational supervision qualifications, certificate performance, appointment assessment, and appointment period management, and strengthen the construction of the education supervision team. Strengthen the construction of school inspectors, establish a supervision system for local governments to perform education duties, and improve a special supervision system for major education policies. Improve the education supervision report release system, and increase the publicity and accountability of education supervision. Further improve the supervision system and give full play to the role of supervision in promoting education reform and development.

Strengthen social supervision and evaluation. Increase information disclosure, establish a sound information disclosure review system, and promote education administrative departments at all levels to disclose various policies and important matters to the society in a timely, comprehensive, and accurate manner, and to accept the supervision of the people's congresses and the CPPCC at all levels. Improve the various information disclosure systems of the school, guarantee the right of faculty, students, and the public to know the school's major issues and important systems, and accept the supervision of the society, especially the stakeholders. University undergraduate teaching evaluation report, professional evaluation report, annual report on teaching quality, annual report on employment quality, normal monitoring data of teaching quality, and academic quality monitoring results are open to the public. Make full use of all media to broaden the channels and scope of information disclosure, more fully guarantee the people's right to know and supervise in education, give play to the role of public opinion supervision, including Internet supervision, use the Internet to understand public opinion, perceive the social situation, smooth communication channels, and assist scientific decision-making. Strengthen the supervision and guidance of third-party education quality evaluation, and cultivate professional education evaluation institutions. Encourage industry enterprises, professional institutions and social organizations to conduct educational evaluation and decision-making consultation in a standardized manner, vigorously cultivate professional service institutions, and entrust professional institutions and social organizations to conduct evaluations.

Improve the education management and monitoring system. Strengthen and improve education statistics, improve the national service platform for education data information, establish various basic education databases such as student basic databases and life-long electronic student record files, break information barriers, and build a national education information resource sharing system. Improve the monitoring system for the modernization of education and the construction of a scientific decision-making service system for education. Promote education administrative departments and schools at all levels to carry out in-depth data mining and analysis, use the Internet and big data to improve the level of education governance, and better serve the public and government decision-making.

(3) Comprehensively promote the administration of education in accordance with the law.

Improve the education laws and regulations system. Promote the revision of the Vocational Education Law and the Regulations on Education for the Disabled, accelerate the revision of the Teacher Law and Degree Regulations, advance the research and drafting of the Preschool Education Law, Lifelong Learning Law, School Safety Regulations, and National Education Examination Regulations, and accelerate the formulation and revision of education regulations.

Fully promote administration according to law. Strengthen education administrative law enforcement, follow statutory powers and procedures, use administrative guidance, administrative penalties, administrative enforcement and other means to correct violations of laws and regulations by schools and educational institutions in accordance with the law, and ensure the effective implementation of education laws and policies. Promptly investigate and punish behaviors that violate education laws and regulations, infringe upon the rights and interests of the educated, and disrupt the order of education, and safeguard the rights and interests of schools, students, teachers, and organizers in accordance with the law. Establish a review mechanism for the legitimacy of major decisions in education, a life-long accountability system for major decisions, and a mechanism for reversal of responsibilities.

Vigorously promote the management of schools in accordance with the law. Promote schools to establish a supporting system and implementation mechanism for the charter, and improve various procedures, internal organizational rules, and rules of procedure. Improve the education relief system that conforms to the principles of the rule of law. Establish and improve the school legal advisory system. Strengthen the school's awareness of running schools in accordance with the law, improve the evaluation index system for the management of schools in accordance with the law, and carry out in-depth development of demonstration schools for school management in accordance with the law. Carry out training on the ability of school leaders and staff of functional departments to govern the school in accordance with the law, and comprehensively improve teachers’ awareness and ability to teach in accordance with the law.

(4) Improve the education investment mechanism.

Give priority to guaranteeing education investment. Insist on giving priority to education as a key area of ​​financial expenditures of the people's governments at all levels, and ensure that the proportion of national financial education expenditures to GDP is generally not less than 4%. Pay more attention to drive investment through strengthening policy design, system design, and standard design, improve the long-term mechanism to ensure the sustained and stable growth of financial education investment, ensure that the general public budget for education expenditure only increases year by year, and ensure that the average number of students in school is average The public budget for education expenditure has only increased year by year. By 2020, all provinces shall formulate and implement the basic standards of financial appropriation for all levels of education in the region. Improve the statistical system of education expenditures, and promote the establishment of a system of statistical monitoring and announcement of education expenditures by local governments.

Improve the mechanism of education funding input. According to the different characteristics of various educational undertakings, the actual needs of development and reform, and the possibility of financial resources, further improve various educational budget appropriation systems and investment mechanisms, and reasonably determine and timely raise relevant appropriation standards and investment levels. Compulsory education is fully incorporated into the scope of public financial guarantees, and a mechanism for guaranteeing funds for compulsory education that is unified between urban and rural areas and focuses on rural areas has been established. Non-compulsory education implements an investment mechanism in which government investment is the mainstay, the educated is reasonably shared, and the funds are raised through various other channels. Reform and improve the budget appropriation system for colleges and universities, optimize project expenditures and basic expenditure structures, support the development of colleges and universities, and improve their quality. Regulate the central government’s transfer payments for education to local governments, and focus on strengthening key areas, key areas, and weak links. Implement preferential tax policies for donations to education by individuals and enterprises, and encourage social capital to increase investment in education.

Improve the cost-sharing mechanism for non-compulsory education. Establish a mechanism for the dynamic adjustment of public school tuition standards according to the training cost, economic development status, and the affordability of the masses in accordance with the prescribed procedures. Non-profit private schools charge fees and gradually realize market-adjusted prices through market-oriented reform pilots. The specific policies are determined by the provincial people’s government based on factors such as the cost of running schools, the degree of local public education guarantees, and the development of private schools. For-profit private schools charge a market-adjusted price, and the specific charging standards are determined independently by private schools. The government strengthened the supervision of the charging behavior of private schools in accordance with the law.

Strengthen the management of the use of funds and the management of state-owned assets. Scientifically prepare mid-term financial planning and annual budgets for education, strengthen project library management, harden budget constraints, improve budget performance management mechanisms, strengthen the application of performance evaluation results, and ensure that education funds can achieve maximum benefits. Strengthen the supervision of education funding, implement the chief accountant system of colleges and universities, and improve the professional level of funding management. Speed ​​up the implementation of the school's internal control system, strengthen internal audits, and strengthen the use of audit results. Intensify the publicity of school financial information and actively accept social supervision. Strengthen the management of state-owned assets, revitalize various asset stocks, standardize asset disposal behavior, and improve asset utilization efficiency.

 

10. Strengthening and improving party building in the education system

(1) Implementing the main responsibility of strict governance of the party in an all-round way.

Improve the implementation mechanism of the responsibility of comprehensively and strictly governing the party. Straighten out the leadership and management system, clarify the requirements for political responsibilities, and effectively extend the responsibility of comprehensively and strictly governing the party to the grassroots. Promote party organizations at all levels to establish and improve the responsibility system for party building work. Clarify the main responsibility of the party organization, the first responsibility of the party organization secretary, and the direct responsibility of the person in charge, strengthen the team members' "party and government responsibility, one post and dual responsibility", strengthen accountability and accountability, and insist on planning and planning together the party building work and the central work. Deploy together and evaluate together, carry out basic-level party organization secretaries in government agencies and colleges and universities to conduct reports, appraisals, and evaluations of grass-roots party building work, conduct pressure level by level, and implement responsibilities level by level. Promote party organizations at all levels in the education system to implement the requirements of "three stricts and three realities" throughout the work of party building, make good use of the "four forms" of supervision and discipline, strictly require, manage and supervise cadres, and put the party in charge of the party and be fully strict Governing the party has been implemented. Earnestly implement the spirit of the eight central regulations, and persevere in the correction of the "four styles" and education practices. Strengthen internal party supervision, strengthen inspection work and discipline inspection and supervision work.

(2) Strengthen the ideological and political construction of the education system.

In-depth study and implementation of the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s series of important speeches and new ideas, new ideas and strategies for state governance and governance, perfect the normalization and long-term mechanism of "two studies and one action" learning and education, arm the mind with the latest theoretical achievements of the party, and always keep thinking In terms of politics and action, it maintains a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core. Comprehensively strengthen the party's leadership over education. Implement ideological work responsibilities of party committees (party groups) at all levels in the education system, establish and improve mechanisms for regular research on ideological work, strengthen contact and guidance for school ideological work, carry out special inspections and supervision of ideological work, and strengthen research on key and difficult issues Communicate the situation within the party and clarify the accountability mechanism for ideological work. Effectively strengthen the management of ideological positions, grasp the correct political direction, strengthen ideological guidance, and consolidate the mainstream ideology and culture in educational policy formulation, textbook review and selection, teaching and research management, educational media management, and foreign cooperation and exchanges. Do a good job in the education and management of party members and cadres and intellectuals, and strive to improve the ideological and political quality of party members, cadres, teachers and students.

(3) Strengthen the construction of grassroots party organizations and party members.

Expand the party’s organization and work coverage. Strengthen the formation of party organizations at all levels and types of schools, optimize organizational settings, straighten out the affiliation, select and manage party organization secretaries, increase the training of party affairs cadres, regularly check and rectify weak and scattered grass-roots party organizations, and enhance the political function of party organizations And service level, give full play to the role of battle fortress. Building the party based on ideology, thoroughly implementing the "Several Guidelines on Political Life within the Party under the New Situation", strengthening and regulating political life within the party, and conscientiously implementing the "three meetings and one lesson", democratic life meetings and organizational life meetings, party members’ party spirit analysis, and democracy Review and thematic party day activities, etc., urge party members to pay party dues in accordance with regulations, regulate party membership and organizational relationship management, guide party members to enhance their sense of subjectivity and party spirit, strictly abide by political discipline and political rules, and give full play to their vanguard and exemplary role. Promote institutional governance of the party, focus on building a systematic and complete party building system, strictly implement the party building work system of education system agencies, improve the management system and operating mechanism of party building work at all levels and types of schools, and improve the organizational system, backbone forces, and party building responsibility system Develop the education, management, and service systems for party members and party members, so that the institutional norms cover the nerve endings of the construction of grass-roots party organizations. Promulgated normative documents to strengthen the construction of college teachers’ party branches and work standards for college students’ party building. Pay attention to the development of outstanding young and middle-aged teachers and academic backbones to join the party, earnestly do a good job in recruiting party members among college students, and further improve the political quality of newly recruited party members. Public institutions of higher learning are based on upholding and improving the principal responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee, and give full play to the leadership role of the party committee in the reform and development of schools. Explore and improve the leadership system and operating mechanism of colleges and universities, and strengthen the political function and role of the party committees (party branches) of the colleges and departments. Primary and secondary school party organizations must play a politically central role in all school work, and promote full coverage of party organizations and party work in primary and secondary schools. Attach great importance to party building and ideological and political work in private colleges and universities and Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools, establish and improve party organizations, establish a mechanism for party organizations to participate in decision-making and supervision, and explore effective ways for party organizations to play a political core role. Strengthen the ideological and political guidance of non-party personalities, strengthen the construction of non-party representatives, give full play to the role of non-party intellectuals, and further strengthen and improve the united front work in colleges and universities. To strengthen grassroots party building to promote the construction of school labor unions, Communist Youth League and other group organizations and student union organizations.

(4) Strengthen the construction of party style and clean government in the education system.

Carry out the main responsibility and supervision responsibility for the construction of party style and clean government. Focus on respecting the "Articles of the Communist Party of China", focusing on the implementation of the "Code of Integrity and Self-discipline of the Communist Party of China", "Regulations on Disciplinary Actions of the Communist Party of China", "Regulations on Accountability of the Communist Party of China", and "Regulations on Internal Supervision of the Communist Party of China". Education management and supervision cadres insist on putting discipline and rules ahead. Strengthen the awareness of party members and cadres of party constitution and party discipline in the education system, implement measures to prevent and control clean governance risks, improve the anti-corruption system, strictly implement the responsibility system for party conduct and clean governance, and strengthen supervision, discipline and accountability. Focus on the main business, deepen the "transfer of functions, transfer methods, and transfer styles", increase the intensity of disciplinary review, persevere in discipline, use cases to explain discipline, and strengthen the role of warning and education. Improve the education system to punish and prevent corruption, vigorously promote the culture of clean government into campuses, promote the establishment of an effective mechanism that does not dare to corrupt, cannot corrupt, and does not want to corrupt, and strive to create a clean and upright political ecology.

 

11. Organization and Implementation

(1) Implement the division of responsibilities.

Establish a responsibility system for planning and implementation. For the key tasks of reform and development, formulate timetables, roadmaps, and mission statements. Strengthen the effective connection with annual plans and education plans at all levels, scientifically formulate policies and allocate public resources, carefully organize the implementation of major engineering projects, and implement the goals, tasks, policies, and measures proposed in the plan.

(2) Coordinated implementation of the plan.

Strengthen the coordination and cooperation between relevant departments, and establish a mechanism for all relevant departments to jointly study and solve education development problems. Increase the overall planning power of the provincial government, promote the local party committees and governments at all levels to strengthen the overall leadership of the implementation of the education plan, do a good job in the development strategy, main goals, key tasks, major engineering projects and this plan, and scientifically formulate development in line with local conditions Goals and specific policy measures, implement the overall deployment of this plan into local plans and policies. Encourage society to participate extensively in planning and implementation. Guide all walks of life and the general public to adopt various forms and methods to support school construction, participate in school management, and actively contribute to the development of education. Give full play to the active role of group organizations and social organizations in promoting the healthy growth of young people. Strengthen cooperation with the news media, timely and comprehensively transmit information on education reform and development to the society, and guide the formation of a situation in which all sectors of society and the general public care about, support, and participate in education development and reform.

(3) Encourage exploration and innovation.

Promote grassroots innovation and implementation plans. Improve the pilot reform system, promote the integration of comprehensive reforms and special reforms, and accelerate the pace of reforms in key areas and key links. Strengthen classified guidance, establish incentive mechanisms, protect and inspire grassroots initiative, and encourage localities to practice boldly, actively explore, and create experience. Deeply explore the valuable experience of comprehensive education reform, especially the experience of grassroots innovation, and continue to explore effective mechanisms for the implementation of the plan.

(4) Strengthen supervision and inspection.

Strengthen supervision and monitoring. Regard the implementation of the plan as an important part of supervising and inspecting the work of education administrative departments and schools at all levels. Establish a plan implementation monitoring and evaluation mechanism, organize follow-up monitoring and mid-term evaluation of plan implementation, discover problems in time, optimize implementation strategies, issue targeted policies, and adjust planning goals, tasks, and policy measures.

Strengthen social supervision. Promote education administrative departments at all levels to regularly release the development of education reform and the implementation of the plan, promptly announce the progress of the plan implementation to the public, actively accept the supervision of parents, society, and the media, and regard the opinions and suggestions of all sectors of the society on the plan as important for planning adjustment Basis to ensure that the overall planning objectives and tasks are completed on schedule.